Constant volume Specific heat and internal energy relationship in nonideal gas.

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the relationship between constant volume specific heat (C_V) and internal energy (U) in non-ideal gases. It establishes that for non-ideal gases, the internal energy is primarily a function of temperature, as indicated by the equation dU = C_V dT. Additionally, it highlights that the partial derivative of internal energy with respect to volume at constant temperature, (∂U/∂V)_T, is not zero, contradicting the assumption for ideal gases. This indicates that changes in volume can affect internal energy even in non-ideal conditions.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of thermodynamic principles, particularly the first law of thermodynamics.
  • Familiarity with specific heat capacities, specifically C_V and C_P.
  • Knowledge of the behavior of ideal and non-ideal gases.
  • Basic calculus, particularly partial derivatives in thermodynamic contexts.
NEXT STEPS
  • Explore the implications of non-ideal gas behavior on thermodynamic equations.
  • Study the derivation and applications of the first law of thermodynamics in non-ideal systems.
  • Investigate the differences between C_V and C_P in various thermodynamic processes.
  • Learn about the Van der Waals equation and its relevance to non-ideal gas behavior.
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in thermodynamics, physicists, and engineers working with gas systems, particularly those focusing on non-ideal gas behavior and energy relationships.

kntsy
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Hi,
1.
\color{blue}dq=dU+PdV
so
C_V = \left(\frac {\partial q}{\partial T}\right)_V= \left(\frac {\partial U}{\partial T}\right)_V
leads to
dU=C_{V}dT
so
\color{red}\left(\frac {\partial U}{\partial V}\right)_T = 0
meaning that internal energy of NONideal gas is a sole function of T?
2.
As
\color{blue}dq=dU+PdV
so
\left(\frac {\partial U}{\partial V}\right)_T= \left(\frac {\partial V}{\partial T}\right)_P \left(C_P-C_V\right) - P
why? even for ideal gas the change in volume results in change in internal energy:
\color{red}\left(\frac {\partial U}{\partial V}\right)_T \not= 0??

thanks for answering.
 
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