Converting EMU to Bohr Magnetons

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on converting electromagnetic units (EMU) to Bohr magnetons per ion using a SQUID magnetometer. The user’s calculation method involves multiplying the SQUID output by the molar mass of the magnetic atom and dividing by the product of Avogadro's number and the Bohr magneton, adjusted for sample mass. Key insights include the necessity to account for the molar mass of the entire molecule or formula unit, as well as factors like temperature and antiferromagnetic coupling that can affect net magnetization. The resulting Bohr magneton per ion values of 0.2-0.6 are not inherently incorrect, depending on the sample composition.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of EMU (electromagnetic units) and their significance in magnetometry.
  • Familiarity with SQUID magnetometers and their operational principles.
  • Knowledge of molar mass calculations and Avogadro's number.
  • Concepts of magnetic moment and factors affecting magnetization, such as temperature and antiferromagnetic coupling.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the conversion formulas for EMU to Bohr magnetons in detail.
  • Study the effects of temperature on magnetic properties in materials.
  • Explore the principles of antiferromagnetic coupling and its impact on magnetization.
  • Investigate the role of orbital momentum quenching in crystal structures.
USEFUL FOR

Researchers and practitioners in the fields of condensed matter physics, materials science, and magnetometry, particularly those working with magnetic materials and SQUID magnetometers.

Etreyu
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Hi, I am currently working with a SQUID magnetometer and I am having trouble comparing my experimental results to theoretical. What I would like to do is convert the output of the SQUID which is in EMU to the number of Bohr Magnetons/ion.

My understanding is that EMU is the sum of all magnetic moments in the sample. My calculation so far has been

(SQUID output)x(Molar mass of magnetic atom) / NAμB(sample mass)

I always end up with a Bohr magneton/ion less than 1, about 0.2-0.6. I think there is something I am missing or not understanding correctly.

Any help would be appreciated.
 
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Depending on the sample, that is not necessarily a wrong result.

Unless the sample is mono-atomic, you should multiply by the molar mass of the molecule/unit cell/formula unit.

Remember that your are measuring the net effective magnetic moment per formula unit.
There are many effects that can reduce the net magnetizaation: Temperature, quenching of orbital momentum in a crystal, antiferromagnetic coupling, ...
 

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