Cooling and its effect on particle speed

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the concept of cooling and its effect on the kinetic energy of particles within a system. Participants explore the mechanisms of cooling, particularly in relation to heating, and how energy transfer occurs between particles of different temperatures. The conversation touches on theoretical aspects and conceptual understanding of thermal dynamics.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses confusion about how cooling reduces the kinetic energy of particles, questioning the mechanisms involved in this process.
  • Another participant suggests that understanding heating should logically extend to understanding cooling, prompting a deeper exploration of the conservation of energy in both processes.
  • There is a discussion about the interaction between gases at different temperatures, where energy transfer occurs through collisions, leading to changes in kinetic energy.
  • A participant introduces the concept of laser cooling, suggesting it as a relevant topic to the discussion.
  • Another participant agrees that cooling involves energy transfer from a higher temperature gas to a lower temperature gas, emphasizing the role of particle collisions in this process.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the basic principles of energy transfer during cooling and heating, but there remains some confusion and lack of consensus on the detailed mechanisms and implications of these processes.

Contextual Notes

Participants express uncertainty regarding the definitions and processes of cooling and heating, particularly in how kinetic energy is transferred and transformed. The discussion does not resolve these uncertainties.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be useful for individuals interested in thermodynamics, energy transfer processes, and the conceptual understanding of cooling mechanisms in physics.

ImpCat
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Hi, I know and understand that heating a system causes the particles inside to increase in kinetic energy, due to the conservation of energy. What I don't understand is how does cooling a system causes the kinetic energy of the particles to slow down. Like how does cooling from sources such as air conditioner or ice takes the kinetic energy from the moving particles. And why would the particles give their kinetic energy away? Would be great if you can be so kind as to give me an explanation. Thanks
 
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ImpCat said:
Hi, I know and understand that heating a system causes the particles inside to increase in kinetic energy, due to the conservation of energy. What I don't understand is how does cooling a system causes the kinetic energy of the particles to slow down. Like how does cooling from sources such as air conditioner or ice takes the kinetic energy from the moving particles. And why would the particles give their kinetic energy away? Would be great if you can be so kind as to give me an explanation. Thanks

I'm puzzled.

How are you able to understand "heating" ("due to conservation of energy"), but not "cooling"? Do you think that "conservation of energy" doesn't apply to the cooling process in reverse?

Maybe you should start by explaining what you have understood of the heating mechanism.

Zz.
 
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ZapperZ said:
I'm puzzled.

How are you able to understand "heating" ("due to conservation of energy"), but not "cooling"? Do you think that "conservation of energy" doesn't apply to the cooling process in reverse?

Maybe you should start by explaining what you have understood of the heating mechanism.

Zz.

Well, in the case of heating the heat is converted into kinetic energy. That part I get. But in the case of cooling, it somehow takes away the kinetic energy? This is the part I'm confused on. Like if a system is cooled, does it mean that the kinetic energy of the particle is converted into heat, in order to keep the temperature of the system balanced or something? Like what motivates the kinetic energy of the particle to lessen? What does the kinetic energy of the particle convert to? I think I'm just confused on what "cooling" actually is.
 
ImpCat said:
Well, in the case of heating the heat is converted into kinetic energy. That part I get. But in the case of cooling, it somehow takes away the kinetic energy? This is the part I'm confused on. Like if a system is cooled, does it mean that the kinetic energy of the particle is converted into heat, in order to keep the temperature of the system balanced or something? Like what motivates the kinetic energy of the particle to lessen? What does the kinetic energy of the particle convert to? I think I'm just confused on what "cooling" actually is.

But you do know that "cooling" or "heating" depends on the subject in question. If I have Gas A, and I make it come in contact with Gas B at a different temperature, the temperature of Gas A will change. It will heat up, or cool down, depending on whether it was hotter or cooler than Gas B.

So while you say you understand how Gas A heats up, I can also say that at the same time, Gas B cools down! They both undergo the same process, but in reverse!

That is why I am still puzzled why you claim to understand one, but not the other.

Zz.
 
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ZapperZ said:
But you do know that "cooling" or "heating" depends on the subject in question. If I have Gas A, and I make it come in contact with Gas B at a different temperature, the temperature of Gas A will change. It will heat up, or cool down, depending on whether it was hotter or cooler than Gas B.

So while you say you understand how Gas A heats up, I can also say that at the same time, Gas B cools down! They both undergo the same process, but in reverse!

That is why I am still puzzled why you claim to understand one, but not the other.

Zz.

So essentially, the process of cooling is the transfer of energy from a higher temperature gas (Gas A) to a lower temperature gas (Gas B)? Like a particle in Gas A bumps into a particle from Gas B, thus giving the Gas B particle additional kinetic energy while losing energy itself due to the collision
 
ImpCat said:
So essentially, the process of cooling is the transfer of energy from a higher temperature gas (Gas A) to a lower temperature gas (Gas B)? Like a particle in Gas A bumps into a particle from Gas B, thus giving the Gas B particle additional kinetic energy while losing energy itself due to the collision
Yes. On average, if a faster particle collides with a slower particle, the faster will lose kinetic energy while the slower will gain kinetic energy. The reverse can happen, but the odds are against it.

Now, consider the case where a solid wall (a piston) is withdrawing slowly from a chamber with a gas that is initially at the same temperature as the piston.
 
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Is it relevant to introduce laser cooling of individual atoms here?
 
houlahound said:
Is it relevant to introduce laser cooling of individual atoms here?

Please do
 
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