Criteria of periodic boundary condition

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the application of periodic boundary conditions in simulations of infinite systems, particularly when atomic interactions do not diminish at infinite distances. It highlights the validity of periodic boundaries in such scenarios and mentions the challenge posed by systems with dipoles. The Ewald summation method is identified as a solution for separating the long-range interactions from the short-range ones, ensuring accurate simulation results.

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  • Understanding of periodic boundary conditions in computational simulations
  • Familiarity with atomic interactions and their implications in modeling
  • Knowledge of dipole interactions in physical systems
  • Proficiency in Ewald summation techniques for long-range interaction handling
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We used to apply periodic boundary condition to simulate an infinite system. What will happen if the interactions between atoms do not drop to zero even when they are infinitely far away? Is the periodic boundary still valid? How can I prove the periodic boundary condition is valid or not? thanks.
 
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This is indeed a problem, encountered e.g. when you consider a system with dipoles.
There exist methods to split off the long range part of the fields, namely Ewald summation.
 

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