Deriving taylor series for v/c and gamma

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on deriving the Taylor series expansion for the velocity of a proton relative to the speed of light, specifically for the case where the velocity approaches one. The expression for velocity is given as v/c = 1 - (1/2)(1/γ²) when γ is large. Participants emphasize the need to express v/c as a function of 1/γ² and expand it using the Taylor series formula, f(x) = f(0) + f'(0)x + f''(0)x²/2! + f'''(0)x³/3! + ... to achieve the desired approximation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Taylor series expansion
  • Familiarity with relativistic velocity and Lorentz factor (γ)
  • Basic calculus, including differentiation and series expansion
  • Knowledge of the relationship between velocity and the speed of light (c)
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the Taylor series for functions of multiple variables
  • Explore the implications of relativistic effects on particle velocities
  • Learn about the Lorentz transformation and its applications in physics
  • Investigate advanced calculus techniques for series expansions
USEFUL FOR

Students in physics or mathematics, particularly those studying special relativity and series expansions, as well as educators looking for examples of Taylor series applications in real-world scenarios.

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Homework Statement



The velocity of a proton relative to
our galaxy is vp/c = 1-(0.5*10^20), i.e. almost one. Such protons are actually observed.

When velocity it very nearly one \gamma is very large. 1/\gamma
is very small. Use Taylor series to show that for v almost one we have

v/c\approx1-(1/2)(1/\gamma^{2})...

Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution



I haven't done Taylor series for about a year now, and I don't quite remember how to do it. The teacher gives us some basic info on the mathematics needed to do the homework, but I can't seem to figure out a relationship. I've also looked for explanations of taylor series relevant to my question, but I haven't found anything
 
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First, express v/c as a function of 1/γ2. Then expand that function as a Taylor series about 1/γ2=0.

f(x) = f(0) + f'(0)x + f''(0)x2/2! + f'''(0)x3/3! + ...
 
I imagine that you could also just do a taylor expansion on gamma and it would give you similar results, though I have to admit I haven't looked into it. This is just what's normally done.
 

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