Determine if this subset is compact

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In summary, the question is whether or not S_1 and S_2 are compact, given the definitions of (X,d), S_1, and S_2. To answer this, the Arzela-Ascoli theorem is used. For S_1, the set of constant functions in B(0,1) is bounded and equicontinuous, but not closed. For S_2, the metric space d_\infty(f,g) := \norm{f-g}_\infty means that it is bounded, but not equicontinuous. The norm ||f||_\infty = 1 is defined as the supremum norm, and S_2 is not closed because the function f =
  • #1
complexnumber
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Homework Statement



Let [tex](X,d) = (C[0,1], d_\infty)[/tex], [tex]S_1[/tex] is the set of constant
functions in [tex]B(0,1)[/tex], and [tex]S_2 = \{ f \in C[0,1] | \norm{f}_\infty
= 1\}[/tex].

Are [tex]S_1[/tex] and [tex]S_2[/tex] compact?

Homework Equations


The Attempt at a Solution



I am trying to use the Arzela - Ascoli theorem. For [tex]S_1[/tex], the set of functions with value in the ball (assuming that's what the question meant) [tex]B(0,1)[/tex] are bounded. They are also equicontinuous at all [tex] x \in [0,1] [/tex]. How do I show if the subset is closed or not?

For [tex]S_2[/tex], how does the norm [tex]||f||_\infty = 1 [/tex] determine if the set is closed, bounded and equicontinuous? What is the norm [tex]||f||_\infty = 1 [/tex] defined as?
 
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  • #2
Well, first you have to understand the notation and definitions. [itex]d_\infty[/itex] is just the metric induced by the supremum norm:

[tex]\|f\|_\infty:=\sup_{x\in[0,1]} |f(x)|[/tex]
 
  • #3
Landau said:
Well, first you have to understand the notation and definitions. [itex]d_\infty[/itex] is just the metric induced by the supremum norm:

[tex]\|f\|_\infty:=\sup_{x\in[0,1]} |f(x)|[/tex]

[tex]S_1[/tex] is not closed because the function [tex]f = 0[/tex] is a limit point
outside [tex]S_1[/tex]. Therefore [tex]S_1[/tex] is not compact.


For [tex]S_2[/tex], the metric space [tex]d_\infty(f,g) := \norm{f -
g}_\infty[/tex] means that it is bounded, however it does not make [tex]S_2[/tex] equicontinuous. Is the subset closed?
 

1. What does it mean for a subset to be compact?

In mathematics, a subset is considered compact if it is both closed (contains all of its limit points) and bounded (contained within a finite distance). This means that every sequence of points in the subset has a limit point that is also in the subset.

2. How do you determine if a subset is compact?

To determine if a subset is compact, you can use one of the following equivalent definitions:

  • Every open cover of the subset has a finite subcover.
  • Every sequence in the subset has a convergent subsequence.
  • The subset is both closed and bounded.

3. Can a subset be compact in one space but not in another?

Yes, compactness is a relative property and can vary depending on the space in which the subset is contained. For example, a closed interval is compact in the real numbers, but not in the rational numbers.

4. What are some examples of compact subsets?

Some examples of compact subsets include closed intervals, closed disks, and closed cubes. Additionally, any finite set is compact since it is both closed and bounded.

5. Why is compactness an important concept in mathematics?

Compactness is an important concept in mathematics because it allows us to study the behavior of functions and sequences in a more manageable and predictable way. It also has many applications in other areas of mathematics, such as topology, analysis, and geometry.

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