Determining speed of an oscillating object

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The discussion revolves around calculating the speed of a branch oscillating in simple harmonic motion, given its maximum speed and amplitude. The user attempts various calculations using energy conservation equations but struggles to arrive at the book's answer of 0.75 m/s. They explore the relationship between maximum speed, amplitude, and angular frequency, but express confusion over concepts not covered in their coursework. Despite multiple attempts, they consistently calculate a speed of 0.99 m/s, indicating a misunderstanding of the problem's requirements. The conversation highlights the complexities of applying simple harmonic motion principles to real-world scenarios.
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Homework Statement



(Forgive me if I use certain terms wrong; I'm learning all of this in French)

A branch at the top of a tree is swinging back and forth with a simple harmonic motion. Its amplitude is 0.80m. Its maximum speed at the point of equilibrium is 1.5m/s. What is the speed of the branch at 0.60m?

The answer according to the back of the book is 0.75m/s but I need to know how to get there.

Homework Equations



Em = Em'
Ep + Ec = Ep' + Ec'
Ep = kx2/2
Ec = mv2/2

The Attempt at a Solution



I've made many attempts at this, all completely wrong. I always end up trying to factorize (my teacher told us that the answer involves factorizing) but it goes absolutely haywire. It would take too long to type out even one attempt.

Em = Em'
Epmax = Ecmax
kxmax2/2 = mvmax2/2 (the 1/2 cancels for each formula)
vmax/xmax = √k/m (which should be constant)
(1,5m/s)2/(0.80m)2 = √k/m
1.875(not sure what unit to put here) = √k/m ∴ k/m = 3.516

kx2 + mv2 = mvmax2 (again the 1/2 cancels)
mvmax2 - mv2 = kx2
m(vmax2 - v2) = kx2
vmax2 - v2 = kx2/m
k/m = (vmax2 - v2)/x2

If the k/m stays constant, which I believe it should, it should be an easy substitution to find the v I'm looking for.

After manipulating the formula I got, I'm left with

v = √-(k/m - vmax2/x2)(x2)

After substituting, I get 0.99m/s.
 
Last edited:
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Start by finding out the angular frequency. :wink:

You are given maximum velocity and amplitude, can you find the angular frequency?
 
I don't know what angular frequency is :S We never learned anything like that. (Physics 20)
 
After substituting, I get 0.99m/s.
...
I get the same answer

v=VmaxSin(ArcCos(6/8))
V=1.5 X sin(41.41°)
v=0.99 m/s
 
Last edited:
azizlwl said:
I get the same answer

v=VmaxSin(ArcCos(6/8))
V=1.5 X sin(41.41°)
v=0.99 m/s
Nope, I definitely haven't learned what you just did.

If it helps, I think I'm supposed to assume it's moving in a straight line like a spring oscillating back and forth. The branch should be moving in a partial circular path, but those calculations would be more advanced than what I've been taught.
 
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Ok it's more complicated than SHM. For SHM our answer is correct.
 
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The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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