Difference between current and voltage preamplifier?

Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the differences between current and voltage preamplifiers in the context of building a transient photocurrent/photovoltage setup. Participants explore the implications of using each type of preamplifier for measuring photovoltage and photocurrent from a photodetector in response to a short laser pulse.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Exploratory
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant seeks clarification on the differences between current and voltage preamplifiers, specifically in relation to their setup involving a photodetector.
  • Another participant explains that a current preamplifier typically has low input impedance, while a voltage preamplifier has high input impedance to minimize loading on the sensor, though they note potential conflicting goals regarding impedance.
  • A participant references the importance of selecting the appropriate photodetector and mentions that an ordinary phototransistor may not respond quickly enough to a 5ns pulse, suggesting the use of an avalanche photodiode instead.
  • One participant confirms their choice of a photodetector with a rise and fall time of less than 30ps, indicating a focus on high-speed response.
  • Suggestions for specific amplifier models are provided, along with considerations for circuit design, including the use of a transimpedance amplifier configuration and strategies to minimize stray capacitance and lead inductance.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express various viewpoints regarding the characteristics and applications of current versus voltage preamplifiers, with no consensus reached on the best approach for the specific setup discussed. There are also differing opinions on the suitability of different photodetectors and amplifier configurations.

Contextual Notes

Participants mention specific technical details such as rise times, impedance characteristics, and circuit design considerations, which may depend on the specific components chosen and the intended application. There is an acknowledgment of the complexity involved in selecting and designing the appropriate circuitry for high-speed measurements.

swami.me
Messages
3
Reaction score
0
I am trying to build a transient photocurrent/photovoltage setup and I was wondering what is the difference between current and voltage preamplifier? Here is a detailed desciption of my setup

I will be providing a a very short laser pulse (5ns) to a photodetector in either open circuit or short circuit conditions and measuring the photovoltage and photocurrent respectively through an oscilloscope by connecting the output of photodetector using a preamplifier and then oscilloscope.

Please let me know
 
Engineering news on Phys.org
In general, a current preamp has a low input impedance, maybe ideally zero. (*) A voltage preamp has a high input impedance to present minimal loading of the sensor.

(*) there may be conflicting goals: zero impedance to not affect linearity where the sensor has non-linear impedance, and ideally a matching impedance for best S/N performance.
 
Photodetector preamplifiers, photovoltaic mode, photoconductive mode, and selecting the right photosensor (phototransistor, photodiode, and a few others) are clearly described here:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodiode

Since your optical input pulse will be only 5nS in duration an ordinary phototransistor would not react fast enough. You will need to use a circuit using an avalanche photodiode that is reversed biased. This complicates the design because you will need something like minus 20 or 30 volts for the bias.
 
Last edited:
Swami.me, here are some suggestions for your amplifier:

OPA620, OPA648, Texas Instruments
AD743, AD8001, Analog Devices
LT1360, Linear Technology
or HA5160, Harris

A ceramic capacitor of 0.1uF should be connected to the power input pin of the amplifier and grounded at a minimum distance.

For high speed/high rise times a Transimpedance amplifier configuration is often used. The time response of your amplifier greatly depends on the time constant of the feedback resistance and its parallel stray capacitance. To minimize the effect of this time constant, connect two or more resistors in series as the feedback resistance so as to disperse the parallel stray capacitance. If a bandwidth of over 100 MHz is desired and if the amplifier has its own internal feedback resistors, using them would help reduce the stray capacitance, reduce the overall circuit size, and suppress the undesired effects of lead inductance of each external component. You may select which of the suggested amplifiers have these on-chip resistors. Another performance enhancement would be to use a ground plane structure where the entire copper surface of the PC board is at ground potential.

Here is a National Semiconductor application note entitled “Design Considerations for a Transimpedance Amplifier: (the link takes you to a TI site, but the app note is National Application Note 1803)

http://www.ti.com/general/docs/lit/getliterature.tsp?svadoc=an-1803&reg=en
 
Last edited:

Similar threads

  • · Replies 15 ·
Replies
15
Views
2K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
3K
  • · Replies 14 ·
Replies
14
Views
1K
  • · Replies 17 ·
Replies
17
Views
5K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
12K
  • · Replies 14 ·
Replies
14
Views
4K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
7K
Replies
8
Views
2K