Polarized light experiences a shift in its plane when it passes from one medium to another due to refraction, which occurs regardless of whether the solution is optically active. However, optically active compounds uniquely rotate the plane of polarized light, a phenomenon not observed with all substances. The discussion emphasizes the distinction between general refraction and the specific rotation of polarized light in optically active solutions. Additionally, it clarifies that polarized light consists of electric and magnetic field components aligned in a single direction, which is crucial for understanding how different materials interact with light.