Difference between Waveguides and Resonators

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Waveguides are not considered resonators because they primarily direct electromagnetic waves rather than produce normal modes. While waveguides can support specific modes like TE and TM, they do not generate these modes in the same way resonators do. Resonators typically require closed structures to confine energy, although some can have openings. The distinction lies in the function: waveguides facilitate wave propagation, while resonators are designed to store and resonate energy. The discussion emphasizes the need for clarity in defining normal modes within the context of wave propagation and resonance.
CGandC
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Homework Statement
Are Waveguides considered to be Resonators?

Also, do resonators have to be closed? or can they have openings?
Relevant Equations
-
I claim that waveguides are resonators because a resonator is defined as a device which can produce you normal modes of some ' mathematical object' you're looking for, which in waveguide's case is Electromagnetic fields ( waveguide can produce normal modes called TE and TM ).

Am I right?
 
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CGandC said:
Problem Statement: Are Waveguides considered to be Resonators?

Also, do resonators have to be closed? or can they have openings?
Relevant Equations: -

Am I right?
how about posting a link to somewhere reliable that supports your claim :smile:
 
davenn said:
how about posting a link to somewhere reliable that supports your claim :smile:

It is from my study notes so there is no link.
 
CGandC said:
Problem Statement: Are Waveguides considered to be Resonators?

Also, do resonators have to be closed? or can they have openings?
Relevant Equations: -

I claim that waveguides are resonators because a resonator is defined as a device which can produce you normal modes of some ' mathematical object' you're looking for, which in waveguide's case is Electromagnetic fields ( waveguide can produce normal modes called TE and TM ).

Am I right?
Waveguides do not produce normal modes, but allow some kinds of EM waves travel through them.
 
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Waveguides are structures that direct electromagnetic energy along a desired path, transmission lines being just one example.
Resonators are usually in the form of shorted segments of shielded transmission lines.
Source from Waveguides and Resonators
 
ehild said:
Waveguides do not produce normal modes, but allow some kinds of EM waves travel through them.

Why waveguides don't produce normal mode?
If waveguides do allow some kinds of EM waves to travel through them, they are identified by discrete numbers therefore they are defined as normal modes.

For example: $$ TE_{10} $$ is a normal mode and $$ TE_{20} $$ is another normal mode.

In other words, what would you define as normal mode?
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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