Discrete mathematics encompasses mathematical concepts that are distinct and separate, focusing on structures that are fundamentally discrete rather than continuous. It excludes the use of limits and continuity, making it essential for fields like computer science, cryptography, and combinatorics. Key areas include graph theory, set theory, and algorithms, which are crucial for understanding discrete structures. For further details, resources like Wikipedia provide comprehensive insights into the subject. Discrete mathematics is vital for various applications in technology and theoretical research.