Distance from a point in space to a plane given a perpendicular line

In summary, the distance from point A = (1,0,2) to the plane passing through (1,2,1) and perpendicular to the line given by x=7, y=1+2t, z=t-3 can be found using the formula d = |(PS dot n)/|n||, where n is the normal vector <0,2,1> and PS is the vector between point A and any point on the plane. By using (1,2,1) as the point on the plane, PS is calculated to be <0, -2, -1>. After fixing a sign error, the distance is found to be |-sqrt(5)|. The use of intercepts
  • #1
mill
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Homework Statement



Find the distance from the point A = (1; 0; 2) to the plane passing through the point (1; 2; 1) and perpendicular to the line given by the parametric equations x = 7, y = 1 + 2t, z = t - 3.

Homework Equations



d = | (PS dot n)/|n||

The Attempt at a Solution



Set n = <0, 2, 1> from the line given

|n|= sqrt(5)

I am confused about finding the S point. Would the second point be the one that passes through the plane?

If so,

PS = <0, -2, -1> so PS dot n = <0, -4, -1> and it would become something like -4/sqrt(5) + -1/sqrt(5). I get -5sqrt(5)/5 which becomes |-sqrt(5)|.

In general, when do we use intercepts (recommended by the textbook) and how vs just the point on the plane?
 
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  • #2
mill said:

Homework Statement



Find the distance from the point A = (1; 0; 2) to the plane passing through the point (1; 2; 1) and perpendicular to the line given by the parametric equations x = 7, y = 1 + 2t, z = t - 3.

Homework Equations



d = | (PS dot n)/|n||

The Attempt at a Solution



Set n = <0, 2, 1> from the line given

|n|= sqrt(5)

I am confused about finding the S point. Would the second point be the one that passes through the plane?

S is any point on the plane. Since you were given (1,2,1) just use it.

If so,

PS = <0, -2, -1>

Check your signs on PS.

so PS dot n = <0, -4, -1> and it would become something like -4/sqrt(5) + -1/sqrt(5). I get -5sqrt(5)/5 which becomes |-sqrt(5)|.

In general, when do we use intercepts (recommended by the textbook) and how vs just the point on the plane?

I guess it depends on what problem you are solving. Just fix your arithmetic and you should be OK here.
 

1. What is the formula for calculating the distance from a point in space to a plane given a perpendicular line?

The formula is d = |ax + by + cz + d| / √(a^2 + b^2 + c^2), where (x,y,z) is the coordinates of the point, and the plane is represented by the equation ax + by + cz + d = 0.

2. How is this formula derived?

This formula is derived from the Pythagorean theorem, where the distance between a point and a plane is the length of the perpendicular line segment between them. The plane equation is used to find the coordinates of a point on the perpendicular line, and then the Pythagorean theorem is applied.

3. Can this formula be used for any type of plane?

Yes, this formula can be used for any type of plane, including horizontal, vertical, and tilted planes, as long as the plane is defined by an equation in the form ax + by + cz + d = 0.

4. What are some real-world applications of this formula?

This formula can be used in various fields, such as engineering, astronomy, and physics. For example, it can be used to calculate the distance between a satellite and the Earth's surface, or the distance between a plane and a runway during landing.

5. Are there any limitations to this formula?

One limitation of this formula is that it assumes the plane is infinitely large. In reality, most planes have a limited size, so the distance calculated may not be entirely accurate. Additionally, if the point is on the same side of the plane as the normal vector, the distance calculated will be negative, which may cause confusion.

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