Distance to pulsar with plasma dispersion relation

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the distance to the pulsar CP 0328 using the plasma dispersion relation. It establishes that for frequencies where ω² >> ωp², the time delay Δt can be expressed as a function of f⁻² - (f + Δf)⁻², indicating a linear relationship that correlates with the distance to the pulsar. The specific time delays measured at frequencies of 610 MHz and 408 MHz (0.367 s) and 408 MHz and 151 MHz (4.18 s) are used to derive the distance to CP 0328, highlighting the impact of interstellar plasma on signal propagation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of plasma physics, specifically the plasma frequency (ωp).
  • Familiarity with the dispersion relation in plasma (n² = 1 - (ω²/ωp²)).
  • Knowledge of pulsar characteristics, including pulse frequency and timing.
  • Basic principles of wave propagation in ionized media.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the plasma dispersion relation in detail.
  • Learn how to calculate time delays in wave propagation through different media.
  • Explore methods for measuring pulsar distances using radio astronomy techniques.
  • Investigate the effects of interstellar medium on electromagnetic wave propagation.
USEFUL FOR

Astronomers, astrophysicists, and students studying pulsar dynamics and plasma physics will benefit from this discussion, particularly those interested in distance measurement techniques in astrophysics.

Robsta
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Homework Statement


Pulsars are stars that have suffered gravitational collapse. They rotate rapidly and emit a narrow
beam of radiation. The pulse lengths, at the earth, are ∼1ms and the periods are ∼1s.
Within a few months of the discovery of pulsars distance estimates were obtained by exploiting
the dispersion of the pulses in the interstellar medium, which is ionised hydrogen with an electron
density of about 105m−3
.
(a) Show that for ω2>>ωp2 where ωp is the plasma frequency of the interstellar medium, the time
delay ∆t as a function of f−2 − (f + ∆f)−2, where f is the pulse frequency, is a straight line
whose slope is a measure of the distance to the pulsar.
(b) For the pulsar CP 0328 the delay between signals at 610 and 408MHz was 0.367s; that
between signals at 408 and 151MHz was 4.18s. Find the distance to CP 0328.

Homework Equations


I know the dispersion relation for the plasma. n2= 1 - (ω2p2)
Obviously speed * time = distance to pulsar
ω=2(pi)f
n*vp=c

The Attempt at a Solution


So the pulsar emits a pulse at t=0 of two frequencies. Because of dispersion in the interstellar plasma, the waves travel at different speeds (because of their different frequencies).
So if one wave of frequency f arrives at time t, the one traveling with frequency (f + ∆f) arrives at time (t + ∆t)
I'm a bit confused because if ω2>>ωp2 then as per the formula for n above, n=1 and there would be no dispersion?

I'm really looking for some help formalising part 1
 
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Check the fraction in your dispersion relation.
Robsta said:
I'm a bit confused because if ω2>>ωp2 then as per the formula for n above, n=1 and there would be no dispersion?
n is close to 1, but not exactly 1. The small difference leads to the small time differences: seconds, where the pulsar can be thousands of light years away so t is thousands of years.
 

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