Distinguish Shared & Unshared Electrons in Ammonia & CH2Cl2

[gotzmlk]

Using the ammonia molecule as an example, distinguish between shared pairs and unshared pairs of electrons.




and

Ch2Cl2

drawing lewis dot. which one would be central.

 

[repugno]

Bond pairs (shared pairs) of electrons are the electrons being shared between the atoms (i.e those involved in bonding). The lone pairs (unshared pairs) aren't involved in bonds but in some cases they can form dative covalent bonds where they are shared.

 

[M98Ranger]

Shared electrons are those that are involved in covalent bonds between two atoms. They are shared between two atoms and contribute to the stability of the molecule. In ammonia (NH3), there are three shared pairs of electrons between the central nitrogen atom and the three hydrogen atoms. These shared pairs are represented by the lines in the Lewis dot structure of ammonia.

Unshared electrons, also known as lone pairs, are those that are not involved in any covalent bonds and are located on the central atom. In ammonia, there is one unshared pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom. These electrons are not involved in bonding but contribute to the overall shape and polarity of the molecule.

In CH2Cl2, the central atom is carbon, and it forms four covalent bonds with two chlorine atoms and two hydrogen atoms. Therefore, there are four shared pairs of electrons in CH2Cl2. The chlorine atoms also have three unshared pairs of electrons each, while the carbon atom has no unshared pairs.

In terms of Lewis dot structure, the central atom in both ammonia and CH2Cl2 would be the one with the least electronegativity, which is nitrogen in ammonia and carbon in CH2Cl2. This is because these atoms are more likely to share electrons rather than attract them.