Do photons have mass experiment?

Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the question of whether photons have mass, exploring various thought experiments, theoretical implications, and the relationship between mass, momentum, and light in gravitational fields. Participants engage in technical reasoning, conceptual clarifications, and debates regarding the nature of photons and their behavior in different contexts.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that the bending of light in a gravitational field suggests that photons must have mass, as they appear to be affected by gravity.
  • Others argue that photons have zero rest mass but still possess momentum, which allows them to interact with other objects and exert forces.
  • A participant questions the concept of "relativistic mass" for photons, suggesting that if rest mass is zero, then mass at any speed must also be zero.
  • Some contributions clarify that momentum can exist without mass, referencing definitions that include momentum as a function of energy and wave properties.
  • There are discussions about the implications of photons in superconductors, where they may exhibit effective mass, leading to confusion about the nature of mass in different contexts.
  • Participants highlight the complexity of defining mass, especially in relation to collections of photons and their invariant mass depending on their momentum.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus on whether photons can be said to have mass. Multiple competing views are presented regarding the definitions and implications of mass and momentum in the context of photons.

Contextual Notes

Discussions include references to Newton's laws and the historical context of light's understanding, indicating that the relationship between mass and momentum in light is not straightforward and may depend on the theoretical framework being applied.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be of interest to those studying physics, particularly in the areas of relativity, quantum mechanics, and the nature of light and electromagnetic fields.

  • #31
RobertsMrtn said:
Another question is - can they be said to have kinetic energy? The standard formula for kinetic energy being 1/2mv^2 which of course becomes 1/2mc^2

In Special Relativity, the kinetic energy of a particle is defined as KE=mc2-m0c2 where m0 is the rest mass. That is zero for a photon, so its KE equal to its energy, KE=mc2=hf.

ehild
 
Science news on Phys.org
  • #32
RobertsMrtn said:
Correct me if I am wrong but I don't think that there is such a thing as a photon which is at rest.
Indeed. In order to define an object "at rest" in special relativity, we must first construct an inertial frame and then define an object "at rest" simply as one whose velocity relative to this frame vanishes. As a consequence of one of the fundamental postulates of special relativity, there exists no inertial frame in which light has vanishing speed hence the notion of "at rest" in the above sense does not apply to light.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 26 ·
Replies
26
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
1K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
2K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
2K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
3K
  • · Replies 14 ·
Replies
14
Views
5K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
1K
  • · Replies 17 ·
Replies
17
Views
2K
  • · Replies 55 ·
2
Replies
55
Views
4K
  • · Replies 21 ·
Replies
21
Views
9K