I took an ecology class last semester which had a strong emphasis on the transfer of energy in ecological systems. It was actually more challenging than I anticipated. The course required a good amount of knowledge about chemistry and biochemistry. I was also required to learn about things such as electron transport chains, phosphate chains, and a good deal about how the different types of respiration work. I am no expert, but I would think that ecology might be a harder science than the average person may assume it to be. As for the progress being made, I think that you may need to look into specific fields and decide what about ecology interests you. I know that many universities are doing research into past climate systems and prehistoric ecology, which would definitely interest me. But as I said before, I am no expert. I wish you the best of luck though!