Does Raising My Arm Change the Center of Mass?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the concept of center of mass (CoM) and its behavior when a person raises an arm, particularly in different environments such as on Earth and in deep space. Participants explore the implications of internal and external forces on the CoM and whether raising an arm results in a shift of the CoM.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Debate/contested
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant suggests that raising an arm changes the CoM but questions whether this shift results in acceleration without external forces acting on the system.
  • Another participant points out that there is an external force from the Earth that allows movement, implying that this force is relevant to the discussion.
  • A participant proposes a hypothetical scenario in deep space to challenge the relevance of external forces, asking what external force would affect the CoM when lifting an arm.
  • It is suggested that performing the action on a skateboard while holding weight could illustrate the effects more clearly.
  • Some participants assert that in deep space, moving an arm would cause the rest of the body to move in the opposite direction due to Newton's third law.
  • Another participant states that in deep space, the CoM remains fixed, and while the body may move around it, the CoM itself does not shift.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on whether raising an arm shifts the CoM and the role of external forces in this process. The discussion remains unresolved, with multiple competing perspectives presented.

Contextual Notes

Participants explore various assumptions regarding the influence of external forces and the conditions under which the CoM may or may not shift, particularly in different environments.

Physics guy
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Let me imagine myself standing on the Earth with my arm in the resting position perpendicular to the ground. Now if I decide to raise my right arm by 90 degrees, now that it is parallel to the ground. I have shifted my center of mass in this process. But the center of mass will not accelerate unless there is an external force on the system. I can only think of internal force that is acting, in this case is the force exerted by my muscles. Is my understanding flawed somewhere?
 
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Physics guy said:
Summary:: Acceleration of center of mass when there is no external force

Let me imagine myself standing on the Earth with my arm in the resting position perpendicular to the ground. Now if I decide to raise my right arm by 90 degrees, now that it is parallel to the ground. I have shifted my center of mass in this process. But the center of mass will not accelerate unless there is an external force on the system. I can only think of internal force that is acting, in this case is the force exerted by my muscles. Is my understanding flawed somewhere?
There is an external force on your feet from the Earth. That's how you are able to walk.
 
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PeroK said:
There is an external force on your feet from the Earth. That's how you are able to walk.
Well this isn't a question of walking or the normal force from the ground. Okay let us suppose that instead of in Earth I am in deep space and I lift my arm. Then in this case what is the external force which shift my center of mass.
 
Physics guy said:
Let me imagine myself standing on the Earth with my arm in the resting position perpendicular to the ground. Now if I decide to raise my right arm by 90 degrees, now that it is parallel to the ground. I have shifted my center of mass in this process. But the center of mass will not accelerate unless there is an external force on the system. I can only think of internal force that is acting, in this case is the force exerted by my muscles. Is my understanding flawed somewhere?
Try to do it on a skate board, while holding some weight in your hand (for better effect).
 
Physics guy said:
Well this isn't a question of walking or the normal force from the ground.
The feet also transmit frictional forces.

Physics guy said:
Okay let us suppose that instead of in Earth I am in deep space and I lift my arm. Then in this case what is the external force which shift my center of mass.
Your center of mass will not shift in this case.
 
A.T. said:
Try to do it on a skate board, while holding some weight in your hand (for better effect).
So does that mean that I will shift to the left when I raise my right arm.
 
Physics guy said:
Well this isn't a question of walking or the normal force from the ground. Okay let us suppose that instead of in Earth I am in deep space and I lift my arm. Then in this case what is the external force which shift my center of mass.
If you are in deep space and you move your arm, then the rest of your body will move in the opposite direction. Newton's third law.
 
Physics guy said:
So does that mean that I will shift to the left when I raise my right arm.
Yes, the rest of your body will also change orientation a bit.
 
In deep space, with no external influence, the CoM stays in the same place. You might be able to move your body around it, but it remains fixed.
 
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