Double slit results that I can't explain, help

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around unexpected results from a double slit experiment involving laser light and diffraction patterns. Participants explore the implications of slit dimensions relative to the wavelength of the light used, and the potential for different types of diffraction patterns to emerge based on experimental conditions.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Homework-related

Main Points Raised

  • One participant describes their experimental setup with a laser, slits, and a CCD camera, noting unexpected results in the double slit pattern.
  • Another participant questions the wavelength of the light source in relation to the slit size.
  • A participant explains that for noticeable diffraction effects, the slit size must be comparable to or smaller than the wavelength of the light, suggesting that the observed results may not be due to diffraction.
  • One participant expresses surprise at their oversight regarding the relationship between slit size and wavelength, indicating a common assumption in physics that may not hold in this case.
  • A later reply introduces the concepts of Fraunhofer and Fresnel diffraction, suggesting that different diffraction patterns can arise depending on the validity of certain assumptions in the experimental setup.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the importance of the relationship between slit size and wavelength in determining diffraction patterns, but there is no consensus on the implications of the observed results or the specific type of diffraction occurring.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the potential misunderstanding of diffraction types and the assumptions made about the experimental conditions. The discussion does not resolve the nature of the observed patterns.

Yakult
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Hi there!

I'm currently sat in the lab working on one of my uni assignments (I'm in my second year at Exeter, UK), and I'm getting results that I just don't understand, so thought that someone here might know what's going on! :smile:

We're using a laser (through two lenses: I think one's an attenuator, but I can't remember what the other one is) that's being shone through different slits, and then onto a CCD camera, and the resulting patterns are recorded on the computer. We got good results when it went through the single slits (by good I mean nice central maxima), but when we moved onto double slits everything went strange.

We're getting results that look like the attached image below (sorry for the crudeness of the diagram, but you get the idea)

We get these regardless of the slit separation, and for slit widths greater than 0.25mm!

Surely we should get a central maxima and then loads of smaller maxima, and not a central minimum? Our demonstrator mentioned something called "aperture diffraction" as a possible reason, but when pressed didn't really seem to know what that was.

Any ideas?

Thankyouuu! :smile:

Will
 

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What is the wavelength of your light source? Compare that with the size of the slit.

Zz.
 
The wavelength's 6.328nm, the slit width's 0.5mm and the slit separation is 0.2 mm but that should still give a central maximum, surely :/ Sorry that this was in the wrong place, I wasn't really sure where to put it!

Thankyou for such a quick response :smile:
 
For any diffraction effect to be noticeable, the slit size must be comparable, or less, than the wavelength of the light being used. Here, your slit is significantly larger than the wavelength. Of course you see no diffraction, and thus, no interference.

Zz.
 
Oh man, I feel like such a dumbass. I can't believe we didn't realize that :redface: I think we just assumed that they'd be looking for us to be getting a double slit diffraction pattern with the slits they provided... Just goes to show that physicists should assume nothing :-p

Thanks for your help :smile:
 
The diffraction patterns that one normally studies at the introductory level are produced in situations that allow simplifying assumptions that produce what we call Fraunhofer diffraction. If those assumptions aren't valid, we have instead something called Fresnel diffraction which can produce quite different patterns, including ones with minima at the center!

See for example this Fresnel diffraction applet whose initial setup for a single slit in fact has a mininum at the center.
 

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