Electric Potential(V) and Electric Potential Energy(U) laws

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the relationships between electric potential (V) and electric potential energy (U) in the context of charged particles and their interactions with electric fields. Participants explore the correctness of specific statements regarding how V and U change based on the proximity of charged particles and their respective charges.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants assert that V increases as a particle approaches a proton and decreases as it approaches an electron.
  • There is a claim that U increases when a particle moves in the opposite direction of the electric field and decreases when moving in the same direction, though this is contested.
  • One participant emphasizes that the correctness of these statements depends on the charge of the particle in question, noting that potential energy decreases when particles are attracted to each other.
  • Another participant argues that for positive charges, U becomes more positive when moving against the electric field and less positive when moving with it, while for negative charges, U becomes more negative in both scenarios.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally disagree on the correctness of the statements regarding U, with some supporting the claims and others providing counterarguments based on the charge of the particles involved.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights the dependence of potential energy on the charge of the particle and the reference point for U, which remains unresolved in terms of specific definitions and assumptions.

Who May Find This Useful

Individuals interested in electric potential and potential energy concepts, particularly in physics or engineering contexts, may find this discussion relevant.

lonewolf219
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Hi, I was wondering if anyone could tell me if these 4 following statements are correct?


1. V increases as a particle nears a proton

2. V decreases as a particle nears an electron

3. U increases as a particle moves in opposite direction of Electric Field

4. U decreases as a particle moves in same direction of Electric Field
 
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The answer to the above depends totally upon the charge on your "particle".
But the rule is that, if particles are attracted to each other, the Potential Energy decreases as they get closer and vice versa.
 
Statements 1 and 2 are true. Voltage is defined with the convention that positive charges are involved. Electrical potential energy multiplies voltage by the charge, so negative charges will have negative electrical potential energy compared to positive charges (assuming an appropriate reference point for U equal to zero).

3. U increases as a particle moves in opposite direction of Electric Field
False - for a positive charge, U becomes more positive. For a negative charge, U becomes more negative (assuming an appropriate reference point for U equal to zero).

4. U decreases as a particle moves in same direction of Electric Field
False - for a positve charge, U becomes less positive, for a negative charge, U become less negative (assuming an appropriate reference point for U equal to zero).
 
I've been studying this concept for weeks, and should have asked you guys! Thank you very much, rcgldr.
 

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