Electron accelerating in a bent wire

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the behavior of electrons in a wire, particularly when the wire has a 90-degree bend. Participants explore the forces acting on electrons that prevent them from taking a straight path and the implications of current flow in such scenarios. The conversation touches on theoretical and conceptual aspects of electron movement within conductive materials.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions what prevents electrons from continuing in a straight path when current flows through a wire with a 90-degree turn, seeking to understand the forces involved.
  • Another participant introduces the concept of the work function, linking it to the discussion but does not elaborate on its relevance to the question posed.
  • A different participant expands on the initial question, suggesting that the issue of electrons not escaping the metal is a more general problem, even without current or bends in the wire.
  • Another contribution notes that the average drift velocity of electrons in a typical copper wire is very low, providing a specific example related to current and wire diameter.
  • One participant mentions that while electrons can escape in high voltage scenarios, this is not necessarily related to their speed, referencing personal experience with cable damage from lightning strikes.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying viewpoints on the behavior of electrons in wires, with some agreeing on the complexity of the issue while others introduce different aspects or related phenomena. The discussion remains unresolved, with no consensus on the primary forces at play or the implications of the observations shared.

Contextual Notes

Participants reference concepts such as the work function and drift velocity without fully clarifying their relevance to the specific question about electron behavior in bent wires. The discussion includes assumptions about electron movement that are not explicitly defined.

lirkepirk
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If I run a current through a wire with a 90 degree turn, what prevents the electrons from continuing out of the wire is a straight forward path? What force accelerates them in the direction of the wire?
 
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Thanks a lot!
 
lirkepirk said:
If I run a current through a wire with a 90 degree turn, what prevents the electrons from continuing out of the wire is a straight forward path? What force accelerates them in the direction of the wire?
Even without current and without a bent, we have the problem of electrons moving with speeds of tens of thousand of m/s through the metal.
Did you ever wondered why they don't get out of the metal?
I am not saying that it's not a good question. Just that is a more general one.
 
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lirkepirk said:
If I run a current through a wire with a 90 degree turn, what prevents the electrons from continuing out of the wire is a straight forward path? What force accelerates them in the direction of the wire?

it does happen, but only with very high voltages and currents ( but it's still not a speed of electrons issue)
@rumborak covered that in his last post

When I was in the telecommunications industry, I would very often see this effect on sharp - 90 deg bends in cables that has been struck by lightning
It didn't matter if it was an underground multipair telephone cable, a coaxial cable or a lightning earthing cable on a pole/mast

It was amazing to see how the current from a lightning strike would travel down 100's of metres - several km's of cable in a straight line and then when that cable would do a bend to be spliced into the main trunk cable the current would punch a hole in the apex of the bend and go to ground

Dave
 

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