Electrostatic equilibrium between 3 styrofoam balls

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the common charge carried by three identical Styrofoam balls, each weighing 1.95 g, suspended in electrostatic equilibrium. The balls form an equilateral triangle with sides measuring 28.3 cm, and the threads have a length of 52.1 cm. The solution involves using Coulomb's law (F = (k q1 q2) / r^2) and gravitational force (F = mg) to determine the charge, ultimately finding q to be approximately 3.3168 x 10^(-7) C. The initial calculation contained an error in the vector components of the electrostatic forces, which was later corrected by the user.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Coulomb's law and electrostatic forces
  • Basic knowledge of gravitational force and tension in strings
  • Trigonometry, specifically sine and cosine functions
  • Ability to solve right triangles and apply vector components
NEXT STEPS
  • Review Coulomb's law and its applications in electrostatics
  • Study the principles of tension in nonconducting strings
  • Learn about vector decomposition in physics problems
  • Explore advanced problems involving electrostatic equilibrium
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This discussion is beneficial for physics students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding electrostatic forces and equilibrium in systems involving multiple charged objects.

paul11
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Homework Statement


Three identical small Styrofoam balls (m = 1.95 g) are suspended from a fixed point by three nonconducting threads, each with a length of 52.1 cm and with negligible mass. At equilibrium the three balls form an equilateral triangle with sides of 28.3 cm. What is the common charge q carried by each ball?

Homework Equations


F = (k q1 q2) / r^2
F = mg
k = 9 * 10^9

The Attempt at a Solution


First I need to find the angle the string makes with the vertical, I start from one of the vertices and imagine a right triangle that connects with the midpoint of the equilateral triangle connecting the 3 balls. Given that I know from the corner of this right triangle will be 30 degrees, and that the adjacent side will be (28.3/2) cm, I calculate the hypotenuse to be 16.339 cm then I use this value to find the angle I want.

θ = sin^-1 ( 16.339 / 52.1 )
= 18.2768 degrees with vertical

Now I can find F tension in the same plane as the electrostatic forces.

Ft = mg tan 18.2768
= 6.3179 * 10 ^(-3)

This is equal in magnitude to the resultant vector of the two opposing electrostatic charges. I take the components of each electrostatic force with 30 degree angles to the resultant.

resultant = kq^2 cos 30 /r^2 + kq^2 cos 30 / r^2

6.3179 * 10^(-3) = kq^2 ( cos 30 + cos 30 ) / r^2
q = 3.3168 * 10^(-7)

CAPA says this is wrong, and I have no idea where I'm going wrong.EDIT: I solved it, it seems I was making a mistake somewhere with the vector part.
 
Last edited:
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I am glad you found your mistake on your own.
 

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