Electrostatic Force of Water on a Chlorine Ion

In summary, the dipole moment of a water molecule is 6.17 x 10^-30 C*m, with the positive direction pointing along the x-axis. A chlorine ion with a charge of -1.60 x 10^-19 C is located at x = 3.00 x 10^-9 m, where the separation d between the charges is much smaller. Using the approximate expression for the electric field along the dipole axis, the magnitude of the electric force that the water molecule exerts on the chlorine ion is 2.49 x 10^-11 N. This is calculated by finding the net electric field, which is the difference between the electric fields of the water molecule and the chlorine ion, and multiplying
  • #1
moonlight13
22
0
The dipole moment of the water molecule ({\rm H}_{2}{\rm O}) is 6.17 \times 10^{-30}\;{\rm C \cdot m}. Consider a water molecule located at the origin whose dipole moment p_vec points in the positive x direction. A chlorine ion ({\rm Cl}^{-}), of charge -1.60 \times 10^{-19}\;{\rm C}, is located at x=3.00 \times 10^{-9} meters. Assume that this x value is much larger than the separation d between the charges in the dipole, so that the approximate expression for the electric field along the dipole axis can be used.

Find the magnitude of the electric force, ignoring the sign, that the water molecule exerts on the chlorine ion.

attempt to question:

the water has an electric field to the right and the chlorine ion has it to the left ..

i calculated the E for water and Cl- seperately

E (H2O):
E = 2Kp/r^3 = 2*(9x10^9)*(6.17x10^-30)/(3.00x10^-9)^3 = 4.11 x 10^6 N/C

E (Cl-):
E = KQ/r^2 = K(1.60x10^-19)/(3.00x10^-9)^2 = 1.6 x 10^8 N/C

now to find the force do I find the E(net) = 1.6 x 10^8 - 4.11 x 10^6 = 1.56 x 10^8 N/C
then times by charge? .. so E(net) x (1.6 x 10^-19) ..? = 2.49 x 10^-11 N...

Am I doing it right..??
Thank
 
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  • #2
Can OSmeone please help me with this question..

Thank you
 
  • #3
Why did you multiply it by 1.6x10^-19?
 
  • #4
multiply which part by that??
 
  • #5
why did you multiply E_net by 1.6x10^-19?
 

1. What is the electrostatic force of water on a chlorine ion?

The electrostatic force of water on a chlorine ion is the attractive force between the positively charged hydrogen atoms of water molecules and the negatively charged chlorine ion. This is due to the opposite charges of the two particles, causing them to be attracted to each other.

2. How does the electrostatic force of water on a chlorine ion affect the behavior of the ion?

The electrostatic force of water on a chlorine ion can impact its behavior by either stabilizing or destabilizing the ion. If the electrostatic force is strong, it can help keep the ion in solution. However, if the force is weak, it can cause the ion to be more reactive and potentially participate in chemical reactions.

3. What is the relationship between the distance between the water molecules and the electrostatic force on a chlorine ion?

The electrostatic force on a chlorine ion is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the water molecules and the ion. This means that as the distance between the ion and the water molecules decreases, the force increases.

4. Can the electrostatic force of water on a chlorine ion be affected by other ions or molecules in the solution?

Yes, other ions or molecules in the solution can impact the electrostatic force of water on a chlorine ion. For example, if there are other positively charged ions in the solution, they can compete with the chlorine ion for the negatively charged water molecules, weakening the electrostatic force.

5. How does temperature affect the electrostatic force of water on a chlorine ion?

Temperature can affect the electrostatic force of water on a chlorine ion by altering the kinetic energy of the particles. As temperature increases, the particles have more energy and can move faster, potentially weakening the electrostatic force between the ion and the water molecules.

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