Energy of a Pendulum: Friction vs. No Friction

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the total energy of a pendulum, specifically comparing scenarios with and without friction. The total mechanical energy formula provided is E = (1/2)mv² + (1/2)(mg/l)x², where m is mass, v is velocity, l is length, and x is position. It is established that when friction is considered, the total energy must account for energy transformations due to non-conservative forces, such as heat and sound. The participants emphasize the importance of understanding the conservation of energy principles when analyzing systems affected by friction.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of pendulum mechanics
  • Familiarity with kinetic and potential energy equations
  • Knowledge of frictional forces and their effects
  • Basic principles of energy conservation
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the effects of air resistance on pendulum motion
  • Learn about the work-energy theorem in the context of friction
  • Explore the conservation of energy in systems with non-conservative forces
  • Investigate simpler mechanical systems, such as an object sliding on a rough surface
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics, as well as educators and anyone interested in understanding the dynamics of pendulum motion under varying conditions.

jumbogala
Messages
414
Reaction score
4

Homework Statement


Let's say I wanted to find the total energy of a pendulum.

First, I ignore friction. Then, I take friction into account. Will the total energy change?

I just made this question up so hopefully there are no issues with it.


Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution


So for a pendulum with no friction, my textbook gives me a formula for the position of the mass.

Then it says the total energy E = (1/2)mv2 + (1/2)(mg/l)x2, where m is mass, v is velocity, l is length and x is position.

Now I want to do this but with friction! So I can figure out what the equation of motion is. (Except that friction changes direction opposite to velocity, and that's confusing me)

But once I have the equation of motion, can I use it in the equation for E? And differentiate it to get v? Or does that equation for E not hold anymore?
 
Physics news on Phys.org


jumbogala said:

Homework Statement


Let's say I wanted to find the total energy of a pendulum.

First, I ignore friction. Then, I take friction into account. Will the total energy change?

I just made this question up so hopefully there are no issues with it.


Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution


So for a pendulum with no friction, my textbook gives me a formula for the position of the mass.

Then it says the total energy E = (1/2)mv2 + (1/2)(mg/l)x2, where m is mass, v is velocity, l is length and x is position.
This is the total mechanical energy (kinetic energy plus potential energy) with only the gravity force acting or other forces acting that do no work. When other forces act, like friction, total energy (mechanical plus other forms of energy ) must always be a constant. Energy can neither be created or destroyed, it just takes on different forms.
Now I want to do this but with friction! So I can figure out what the equation of motion is. (Except that friction changes direction opposite to velocity, and that's confusing me)

But once I have the equation of motion, can I use it in the equation for E? And differentiate it to get v? Or does that equation for E not hold anymore?
You picked a rather complex problem when friction, due to air resistance or torsional frictional at the pivot point, for example, is involved. You might want to look at a simpler problem, like the energy of an object sliding along a rough level surface with friction opposing the motion until it comes to rest. The work done by friction or other non-coservative forces results in other forms of energy like heat, sound, chemical energy, etc. You should be familiar with the total conservation of energy equation when such other forces that do work are involved.
 

Similar threads

Replies
4
Views
1K
  • · Replies 20 ·
Replies
20
Views
2K
  • · Replies 37 ·
2
Replies
37
Views
2K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
2K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
2K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
2K
  • · Replies 14 ·
Replies
14
Views
2K
  • · Replies 15 ·
Replies
15
Views
2K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
1K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
1K