Energy Problem involving simple harmonic motion

In summary, the potential energy and kinetic energy of a particle in SHM are equal at a time of 0.9 seconds. The solution involves setting the equations for PE and KE equal to each other and solving for the time when x = A/sqrt2. This results in t = 1/4 seconds.
  • #1
myoplex11
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0

Homework Statement


The motion of a particle is described by x = 10 sin (piet +pie/2 ). At what time ( in second ) is the potential energy equal to the kinetic energy ?


Homework Equations




KE = 1/2 mv^2 PE=1/2 Kx^2

The Attempt at a Solution



V=pie10cos(piet + pie/3)
V^2 = pie^2 100cos^2(piet+ pie/3)
KE = mpie5ocos^2 (piet + pie/3)
X^2 =100sin^2(piet +pie/2 )
PE =k50 sin^2(piet +pie/2 )
KE=PE
pie^2 100cos^2(piet+ pie/3) =K50 sin^2(piet +pie/2 )
m/k * pie^2 = tan^2(piet +pie/2 )
take square root of both sides of equation
1/pie * pie = tan(piet + pie/3)
piet + pie/3 =tan-1(1)
solving for t i get a negative value where iam i going wrong.
 
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  • #2
There appear to be a lot of algebraic errors throughout. Where has the m and k gone from the equation toward the end?

EDIt: up to the this point you seem to be fine as far as I can tell:

m/k * pie^2 = tan^2(piet +pie/2 )

I just want to know how you got rid of the m and k in the next step?
 
  • #3
w(angular frequency) = (k/m)^0.5 so
1/w=m/k
siince w = pie
m/k = 1/pie
 
  • #4
I tried a different approach and got the same answer. since the motion is SHM one would think that value +[itex]n2\pi[/itex] should work.
 
  • #5
what is n2PI is it equal to m/k ?
 
  • #6
You can wright PE = 1/2*m*w^2*x^2 and KE = 1/2*m*w^2*(A^2 - x^2)
When PE = KE, we get 2x^2 = A^2 or x = A/sqrt2. Put this value in the equation of SHM.
A/sqrt2 = Asin(pi*t + Pi/2 ) or 1/sqrt2 = sin(pi*t + pi/2). Sin(pi/4) = sin(3*pi/4) = 1/sqrt2 To avoide negative time, take sin(3pi/4) = sin(pi*t + pi/2)
That gives you t = 1/4 s.
 
Last edited:
  • #7
the anwser is 0.9 s
 

1. What is simple harmonic motion?

Simple harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion in which a body oscillates back and forth within a stable equilibrium position. It follows a sinusoidal pattern and is characterized by a restoring force that is directly proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position.

2. How does energy play a role in simple harmonic motion?

In simple harmonic motion, energy is constantly being converted between potential energy and kinetic energy. The potential energy is at its maximum when the body is at the furthest point from the equilibrium position, and the kinetic energy is at its maximum when the body is passing through the equilibrium position. This continuous exchange of energy allows the body to oscillate back and forth.

3. What is the relationship between energy and amplitude in simple harmonic motion?

The amplitude of a simple harmonic motion is directly proportional to the energy of the system. This means that as the amplitude increases, so does the energy. This also means that the maximum potential and kinetic energies of the system will also increase with the amplitude.

4. Can energy be lost in simple harmonic motion?

In an ideal system, energy will not be lost in simple harmonic motion. This is because the restoring force is conservative, meaning that it does not dissipate energy. However, in real-world systems, there may be some energy lost due to friction and air resistance, which can cause the amplitude to decrease over time.

5. How is the total energy of a simple harmonic motion calculated?

The total energy of a simple harmonic motion is the sum of its potential and kinetic energies. It can be calculated using the equation E = 1/2 * k * A^2, where k is the spring constant and A is the amplitude of the motion.

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