Estimate minimum proton lifetime from internal radiation rate

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on estimating the minimum proton lifetime based on internal radiation exposure, specifically using a dose of Dmax = 2 Greys per year. The calculations indicate that the maximum energy absorbed per year is 120 J, leading to a decay frequency of approximately 1011 years-1 and a proton lifetime estimate of T ≈ 1033 years. The analysis also highlights the significance of the human body's water composition in determining the number of protons for this calculation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of radiation dosage concepts, specifically Greys.
  • Familiarity with mass-energy equivalence, particularly E=mc2.
  • Basic knowledge of particle physics, including proton decay and mass-energy calculations.
  • Ability to perform unit conversions and dimensional analysis in physics.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the implications of proton decay in particle physics and its relevance to the Standard Model.
  • Learn about radiation safety standards and the biological effects of radiation exposure.
  • Explore advanced topics in cosmology related to the stability of protons and the age of the universe.
  • Investigate the properties of water and its role in biological systems, particularly in radiation absorption.
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physics students, researchers in particle physics, and professionals in radiation safety who are interested in the implications of proton stability and radiation exposure on human health.

sunrah
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Homework Statement


Estimate the minimum proton lifetime from the fact that you haven't yet died from internal radiation. Use the following conditions:
1.) At a dosis of Dmax = 2 Greys per year (Jkg-1 yr-1) you would already be dead.
2.) The human body is made mostly of water.
3.) The total proton mass of mp = 938 MeV/c2 is released during decay

Homework Equations


Dosis D = E/m
I am approx 60kg → m = 60kg

The Attempt at a Solution



maximum energy per year = Pmax = Emax / 1yr = Dmax m = 120 Jyr-1

decay frequency is therefore (maximum energy per year) / (total proton mass-energy) = f = 120 Jyr-1 / (1.6x10-19 JeV-1c2 * 938MeVc-2)

f ≈ 1011 yr-1
T ≈ 10-11 yr

order of magnitude should be T ≈ 1033yr.
and also where does the water element come into this I know H2O has a proton number Z = 10 but so, we are given the an energy limit to work this out and we can just divide this by the energy of one decay to get maximum number of decays? thanks
 
Last edited:
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You can estimate the amount of protons in your body if you assume you consist only of water.
 

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