Estimate the magnitude of a line integral exp(iz) over a semicircle

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on estimating the magnitude of the line integral of the function \( e^{iz} \) over a semicircle defined by \( z = Re^{i\theta} \) for \( 0 \leq \theta \leq \pi \). The key conclusion is that the magnitude can be expressed as \( \left\vert e^{iz} \right\vert = e^{-R \sin(\theta)} \), derived using properties of complex exponentials and the Residue Theorem. The participants confirm the correctness of the calculations and explore the modulus of complex numbers, emphasizing the relationship \( |ab| = |a||b| \).

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  • Familiarity with complex exponentials and their properties.
  • Knowledge of trigonometric identities and their application in complex functions.
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TL;DR
Clarify statement in Complex Variables (S. Fisher) about magnitude of a line integral exp(iz) over a semicircle
Not homework, just trying to understand a statement in the book. On page 158 in Fisher, the following statement is made:
In these applications of the Residue Theorem, we often need to estimate the magnitude of the line integral of e^{iz} over the semicircle = Re^{i\theta}, \; 0 \le \theta \le \pi. We note that:
<br /> \left\vert e^{iz} \right\vert = e^{\text{Re}(iz)} = e^{-R \sin(\theta)}<br />
To understand the above, I did the following.
\begin{align}
&z = Re^{i\theta} = R \cos(\theta) + i R \sin(\theta)
\\
&iz = i R \cos(\theta) - R \sin(\theta)
\\
&e^{iz} = e^{i R \cos(\theta) - R \sin(\theta)} = e^{i R \cos(\theta)} e^{-R \sin(\theta)}
\\
&\left\vert e^{iz} \right\vert = \left\vert e^{i R \cos(\theta)} e^{-R \sin(\theta)} \right\vert
= \left\vert e^{i R \cos(\theta)} \right\vert \; \left\vert e^{-R \sin(\theta)} \right\vert
\\
&e^{i R \cos(\theta)} = e^{ix} && \text{where $x = R \cos(\theta)$, real}
\\
\therefore \, &\left\vert e^{i R \cos(\theta)} \right\vert = 1
&& \cos^2 x + \sin^2 x= 1
\\
&\left\vert e^{-R \sin(\theta)} \right\vert = e^{-R \sin(\theta)}
&& \text{since } e^{-R \sin(\theta)} \ge 0
\\
\therefore \, &\left\vert e^{iz} \right\vert = e^{-R \sin(\theta)} =e^{\text{Re}(iz)}
\end{align}
Is it correct?
 
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Yes (IMHO)
 
Thanks!
 
How does one determine a modulus of a complex number ?
 
Use that to prove ##|\bf ab | = |a|\,|b|##
 
I offer the following observation:$$\left| e^{iz} \right|= \sqrt{e^{iz}e^{-iz^*}}=\sqrt {e^{i(z-z^*)}}\\
=e^{\frac{iR}{2}((\cos(\theta)+i\sin(\theta))-(\cos(\theta)-i\sin(\theta)))}=e^{-R\sin(\theta)}$$
 
Got it !
 

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