Exponential Power Series Expansion

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on demonstrating that \( e^x e^x = e^{2x} \) using power series expansion. The user starts with the series representation \( \sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!} \sum_{m=0}^\infty \frac{x^m}{m!} \) and seeks to simplify it. By substituting indices in the double series and recognizing the resulting expression as a binomial expansion, the user successfully reduces it to \( \sum_{p=0}^\infty \frac{(x+x)^p}{p!} = e^{2x} \).

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of power series and their convergence
  • Familiarity with the exponential function and its series representation
  • Knowledge of binomial expansion and combinatorial coefficients
  • Basic skills in manipulating summations and indices
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of power series and their applications in calculus
  • Learn about the convergence criteria for series expansions
  • Explore the binomial theorem and its implications in combinatorics
  • Investigate advanced topics in series manipulation and transformations
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, students studying calculus or analysis, and anyone interested in series expansions and their applications in mathematical proofs.

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I want to show that [itex]e^x e^x = e^{2x}[/itex] using a power series expansion. So I start with

[tex]\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!} \sum_{m=0}^\infty \frac{x^m}{m!}[/tex]
[tex]\sum_{n=0}^\infty \sum_{m=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!} \frac{x^m}{m!}[/tex]
[tex]\sum_{n=0}^\infty \sum_{m=0}^\infty \frac{x^{m+n}}{m!n!}[/tex]

I am at a loss of where to go from here. I want to reduce the last expression down to [itex]\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{(2x)^n}{n!}[/itex] but I am not sure of how to get rid of one of the summations.
 
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I think I got it...in case anyone was interested.

I can use a substitution on the indicies of the double series as follows. Let [itex]m=q[/itex] and [itex]n=p-q[/itex], with the condition that [itex]q \le p[/itex]. This gives

[tex]\sum_{p=0}^\infty \sum_{q=0}^p \frac{x^q}{q!}\frac{x^{p-q}}{(p-q)!}[/tex]
Which one recognizes as a binomial expansion. Where [itex]\frac{(x+x)^n}{n!} = \sum_{k=0}^n \frac{1}{k!(n-k)!} x^k x^{n-k}[/itex]. Thus our double series reduces down to

[tex]\sum_{p=0}^\infty \frac{(x+x)^p}{p!} = e^{2x}[/tex]
 

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