Finding c_n in Complex Fourier Series Expansion of $e^{i \omega t}$

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on expanding the function f(t) = e^{i \omega t} as a complex Fourier series for non-integer values of ω. The coefficient c_n is derived using the integral c_n = \frac{1}{2 \pi} \int_{-\pi}^{\pi} e^{i t(\omega - n)} dt, leading to the expression c_n = \frac{1}{\pi} \frac{1}{(\omega - n)} \frac{dw}{dt} \sin(\pi \omega - \pi n). The final Fourier series representation is f(x) = \sum_{n=-\infty}^{n=+\infty} \frac{1}{\pi} \frac{1}{(\omega - n)} \frac{dw}{dt} \sin(\pi \omega - \pi n) e^{int}, confirming the correct formulation of the series.

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  • Complex analysis, particularly the properties of exponential functions.
  • Understanding of Fourier series and their coefficients.
  • Integration techniques, especially for complex functions.
  • Knowledge of trigonometric identities, specifically sin(x).
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I am expanding the function f(t) = e^{i \omega t} from (-π,π) as a complex Fourier series where w is not an integer. I am stuck figuring out how the series expands with n.

c_n = \frac{1}{2 \pi} \int_{-\pi}^{\pi} e^{i \omega t} e^{-int} dt

Join exponentials

c_n = \frac{1}{2 \pi} \int_{-\pi}^{\pi} e^{i t(\omega - n)

Then integrate the function and evaluate the limits

c_n = \frac{1}{2 \pi} \frac{1}{i(\omega - n)} \frac{dw}{dt} (e^{i \pi (\omega - n)} - e^{ -i \pi(\omega - n)})

Use the identity for sinx

c_n = \frac{1}{\pi} \frac{1}{(\omega - n)} \frac{dw}{dt} sin(\pi \omega - \pi n)

This is the point when I am not quite sure if I am done, or I need to do something more. Should I just put this into back into the expression for the complex Fourier series?

f(x) = \sum_{n=-\infty}^{n=+\infty} c_n e^{int}
 
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So then the function as a Fourier series would just be:

f(x) = \sum_{n=-\infty}^{n=+\infty} \frac{1}{\pi} \frac{1}{(\omega - n)} \frac{dw}{dt} sin(\pi \omega - \pi n) e^{int}
 

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