Finding Highest Energy for Fermions and Bosons in a Box

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on determining the highest energy states for fermions and bosons in a confined space. For the fermions, specifically electrons and neutrons, the highest energy level is identified as n=3 when 12 particles are placed in a box, adhering to the Pauli Exclusion Principle. In contrast, for bosons, such as pi zero bosons and alpha particles, they can all occupy the ground state due to their non-compliance with the Pauli Exclusion Principle. The relevant equation used for energy calculation is En = (h²n²)/(8mL²).

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum mechanics principles, particularly the Pauli Exclusion Principle.
  • Familiarity with the energy quantization formula En = (h²n²)/(8mL²).
  • Knowledge of the differences between fermions and bosons.
  • Basic concepts of particle physics, including types of particles like electrons, neutrons, and bosons.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the implications of the Pauli Exclusion Principle on fermionic systems.
  • Explore the behavior of bosons in quantum systems and their ability to occupy the same state.
  • Investigate the derivation and applications of the energy quantization formula En = (h²n²)/(8mL²).
  • Learn about the statistical mechanics of fermions and bosons, including Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein statistics.
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for students and professionals in physics, particularly those studying quantum mechanics, particle physics, and statistical mechanics. It is especially relevant for anyone interested in the behavior of fermions and bosons in confined systems.

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Homework Statement


a. Electrons and neutrons are fermions. Put 12 of them (6 each) in a box, and determine the n value for the ones with the highest energy.
b. Do the same for 12 bosons (6 are pi zero bosons and 6 are alpha particles).


Homework Equations


En = (h2n2)/(8mL2)


The Attempt at a Solution


I'm not even sure how to approach this problem. What is it asking? How do I know which have the highest energy? (Neutrons in general have a higher rest energy than electrons, but I don't know if that's at all relevant.)
My only hunch is that the Pauli Exclusion Principle is involved (like I could have 2 electrons in ground state, 2 in n=2 state, 2 in n=3 state, etc. but that doesn't seem like what the question is asking).
 
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What is special about the way Fermions fill energy levels?
 
Two fermions can't occupy the same quantum state. So if there are 6 electrons the highest energy level would be n=3 (same for the neutrons).
 
So you have just answered question (a).
What is the difference with bosons?
 
Bosons aren't subject to the Pauli Exclusion Principle so they can all occupy the ground state.

I wasn't sure if I was over- or under-thinking the problem, it seemed too easy...
 
I know - it throws you out when it's not something subtle or tricky.
But it's good practice.
 

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