Potential difference, also known as voltage, is the difference in electrical potential energy between two points. It is measured in volts (V) and is the driving force that causes the flow of electric current.
To find the potential difference between two points, you can use a voltmeter to measure the voltage at each point and then subtract the two values. Another way is to use Ohm's Law, which states that potential difference (V) is equal to current (I) multiplied by resistance (R) (V=IR).
Potential difference is affected by the distance between the two points, the type and material of the conductor, and the amount of current flowing through the circuit. It is also affected by external factors such as temperature and humidity.
Potential difference is important because it is the driving force behind the flow of electric current. It allows for the transfer of electrical energy and is essential in powering electronic devices and systems.
Potential difference has many real-life applications, including powering household appliances, charging electronic devices, and generating electricity through power plants. It is also used in medical devices, telecommunications, and transportation systems.