Finding the Maximum Height of a Pendulum Swing

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To find the maximum height of a pendulum swing, one must apply the principle of conservation of energy, where kinetic energy at the lowest point converts to potential energy at the highest point. The kinetic energy (KE) can be calculated using the formula KE = 0.5 * m * v^2, where m is the mass and v is the velocity. The potential energy (PE) at the maximum height can be expressed as PE = m * g * h, where g is the acceleration due to gravity and h is the height. Setting the kinetic energy equal to the potential energy allows for solving the maximum height. This approach effectively demonstrates the energy transformation in a pendulum system.
bcalkins
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Hello,
I have a physics lab tomorrow and have to answer this question to be admitted in. We haven't begun to talk about Pendulums in lecture yet, so I have NO idea where to start. Here's the question:
A mass of 40 kg suspended from a 43-cm long light string forms a simple pendulum. The mass swings through the lowest point of its trajectory with a speed of 1.6 m/s. To what maximum height above the lowest point will it rise (in m)? Neglect air resistance.

Could you PLEASE walk me through how to solve this? I've looked online but can't seem to find an equation for determining the maximum height. Thank you!
 
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Think about how pendulum energy oscillates between potential energy and kinetic energy.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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