First law of thermodynamics problem

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on solving a thermodynamics problem involving an ideal monoatomic gas in an insulated cylinder with a movable piston. The initial conditions are a pressure of 110 kPa and a temperature of 280 K, with the pressure increasing to 140 kPa. The final temperature can be determined using the relation P1/T1 = P2/T2, but it is crucial to note that this equation applies only when the volume remains constant, which is not the case here due to the piston movement. The process is adiabatic, indicating that no heat is exchanged with the surroundings.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of ideal gas laws, specifically the equation PV=nRT.
  • Knowledge of adiabatic processes in thermodynamics.
  • Familiarity with the concept of pressure and temperature relationships in gases.
  • Basic algebra skills for manipulating equations.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of adiabatic processes and their equations.
  • Learn about the specific heat capacities of monoatomic gases.
  • Explore the derivation and application of the ideal gas law.
  • Investigate the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature changes in thermodynamic systems.
USEFUL FOR

Students studying thermodynamics, physics enthusiasts, and anyone looking to deepen their understanding of gas laws and adiabatic processes.

XkitaX
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Homework Statement


An ideal monoatomic gas is held in a perfectly insulated cylinder fitted with a movable piston. Initial pressure is 110kPa, initial temperature is 280K. By pushing on the piston the pressure increases to 140kPa. Find the final temperature.


Homework Equations



Q=nCdT (d means delta)

The Attempt at a Solution


I have thought of using the above eqn but moles is not given and i have thought of using PV=nRT but the volume isn't given either so i don't know how you can solve with two unknown variables. Please help
 
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you can use the equation P1/T1 = P2/T2 where P1 is initial pressure and T1 is initial Temperature and P2 is final pressure and T2 is final temperature.
 
XkitaX said:

Homework Statement


An ideal monoatomic gas is held in a perfectly insulated cylinder fitted with a movable piston. Initial pressure is 110kPa, initial temperature is 280K. By pushing on the piston the pressure increases to 140kPa. Find the final temperature.


Homework Equations



Q=nCdT (d means delta)

The Attempt at a Solution


I have thought of using the above eqn but moles is not given and i have thought of using PV=nRT but the volume isn't given either so i don't know how you can solve with two unknown variables. Please help
Welcome to physics forums.
Since the cylinder is insulated, there is no heat added (Q=0) and this is an adiabatic process. What does your textbook or class notes say about adiabatic processes and ideal gases? Hint: there is a relation between P and V involved.

Funkmaster W said:
you can use the equation P1/T1 = P2/T2 where P1 is initial pressure and T1 is initial Temperature and P2 is final pressure and T2 is final temperature.
That would be true if the volume were the same. But the volume changes in this problem.
 

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