Force on 2 wires near each other with current

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the force between two parallel wires carrying a current of 3.7A each, separated by a distance of 0.08m. The initial calculation using the formula F = BIL resulted in an incorrect force of 27.38μN, while the correct force is 13.69N. The error was attributed to an incorrect application of the magnetic field equation B = (μI)/(2πR) and the assumption of wire length relative to distance.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electromagnetic theory, specifically the force between current-carrying wires.
  • Familiarity with the Biot-Savart Law and Ampère's Law.
  • Knowledge of units in electromagnetism, particularly tesla and newtons.
  • Basic algebra and manipulation of equations in physics.
NEXT STEPS
  • Review the derivation of the magnetic field around a long straight conductor using Ampère's Law.
  • Study the implications of wire length in magnetic force calculations.
  • Explore the concept of magnetic field strength and its units in detail.
  • Investigate online resources such as the Physics Lab website for additional examples and explanations.
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physics students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding the interactions between current-carrying conductors in electromagnetic fields.

D.B0004
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Homework Statement


Two wires are placed parallel near each other in free space at a distance of d=0.08m. They have a length of L=0.4m and each carry a current of i=3.7A (in the same direction.) Find the force exerted on each other. Consider attraction as positive force and repulsion as a negative force.

Homework Equations


F = B*I*L
B= = u*Hs = (u*I/(2*PI*R))*I*L

The Attempt at a Solution


4*PI*10^-7*3.7/(2*PI*.04)*3.7*.4 = 27.38uN
The correct answer is apparently 13.69N. Anyone see where I am going wrong? Is my B equation incorrect? Thanks!
 
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D.B0004 said:
B= = u*Hs = (u*I/(2*PI*R))*I*L
I don't understand what you calculated here.
And I wonder how you got units of tesla out of that calculation (a good check to see if everything went right).

A different issue: the approximation of very long cables (compared to R) you used might not be a good one.
 

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