Fractional increase of energy vs momentum with relativity

In summary, the conversation discusses the calculation of the change in energy and momentum in relation to the mass and velocity of an object. The solution provided initially suggests a 1% change, but it is later determined to be 0.81%.
  • #1
Kaguro
221
57
Homework Statement
If the momentum of the electron moving with a velocity 0.9c is increased by 1% then the increase in its energy is

0.81%
0.9%
1%
0.5%
Relevant Equations
##E^2 = p^2c^2 + m_0^2c^4##

##E=mc^2##
My attempt:
##E^2 = p^2c^2 + m_0^2c^4##
##2E dE = 2pc^2 dp ##
##\frac{dE}{E} = \frac{pc^2}{E^2}dp=\frac{p^2c^2}{E^2}## % (dp/p = 1%)
##=\frac{E^2-m_0^2c^4}{E^2}## %

##=1-\frac{m_0^2c^4}{E^2}## %
##=1-\frac{m_0^2c^4}{m^2c^4}## %
##=1-\frac{1}{\gamma ^2}## %

##=\frac{v^2}{c^2} ##%
=0.81 %Solution given:

p=mv
ln(p) = ln(m) + ln(v)
##\frac{dp}{p}=\frac{dm}{m}## = 1%

Now doing the same with ##E=mc^2##,
##\frac{dE}{E}=\frac{dm}{m}## = 1%

Is taking velocity constant a good idea?
 
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  • #2
There is a useful identity here: $$\gamma = \sqrt{(\frac{v\gamma}{c})^2 +1}$$ Then it's just some arithmetic.
 
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Likes Kaguro
  • #3
That's a nice one.

But it's producing same result as mine and the answer is coming to be 0.81%So is the solution provided( which says 1%) wrong?
 
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Likes PeroK
  • #4
Kaguro said:
That's a nice one.

But it's producing same result as mine and the answer is coming to be 0.81%So is the solution provided( which says 1%) wrong?
Yes, it's definitely ##0.81 \%##.
 
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Likes Kaguro
  • #5
Thanks very much!
 

1. What is the relationship between energy and momentum in relativity?

In relativity, the relationship between energy and momentum is described by the famous equation E=mc^2, where E represents energy, m represents mass, and c represents the speed of light. This equation shows that energy and mass are equivalent and can be converted into each other.

2. How does relativity affect the increase of energy with momentum?

In relativity, as an object's momentum increases, its energy also increases. This is due to the fact that as an object's speed approaches the speed of light, its mass increases, and therefore its energy also increases according to the equation E=mc^2.

3. What is fractional increase of energy with momentum?

The fractional increase of energy with momentum refers to the increase in energy as a fraction of the object's rest energy (energy at rest) as its momentum increases. This can be calculated using the equation E=mc^2, where c is the speed of light and m is the object's mass.

4. How does relativity affect the fractional increase of energy with momentum?

In relativity, as an object's momentum increases, its fractional increase of energy also increases. This is because as an object's speed approaches the speed of light, its mass increases, and therefore its energy also increases according to the equation E=mc^2. This results in a larger fractional increase in energy with momentum.

5. What are some real-life examples of the fractional increase of energy with momentum in relativity?

Some real-life examples of the fractional increase of energy with momentum in relativity include particle accelerators, where particles are accelerated to near the speed of light, resulting in a large increase in energy. Another example is nuclear reactions, where the conversion of mass to energy is governed by the equation E=mc^2. The increase in energy with momentum is also seen in cosmic rays, which are high-energy particles traveling at near the speed of light.

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