Frequency of a simple pendulum

Click For Summary
The discussion focuses on determining the frequency of oscillation for a simple pendulum in a car moving in a circular path. The forces acting on the pendulum include gravitational force and tension, resulting in simple harmonic motion (SHM) for small angles. The derived frequency formula is f = (1/2π)√((g + v²/R)/L), but there is a discrepancy with the book's answer, which is f = (1/2π)√(√(g² + v⁴/R²)/L). The analysis also considers the pendulum's equilibrium angle due to centrifugal force, indicating that the oscillation occurs around this angle. The discussion highlights the complexities of deriving the correct frequency in a non-inertial reference frame.
bacon
Messages
68
Reaction score
0
A simple pendulum of length L and mass m is suspended in a car that is traveling with constant speed v around a circle of radius R. If the pendulum undergoes small oscillations in a radial direction about its equilibrium position, what will its frequency of oscillation be?

I don’t know how to post diagrams, so...
The negative x direction is to the left, toward the center of the circle of radius R. \theta is the angle L makes with the vertical.
The forces on m are the gravitational force and the tension along length L. The forces result in SHM for small values of \theta.

F_{x}=-kx=-mgsin\theta -m\frac{v^{2}}{R}sin\theta

For small values of \theta, \theta \approx sin\theta.
s=L\theta. Where s is the arc length L sweeps through angle \theta.
For small values of \theta, s \approx x

Using these two approximations, the top equation becomes
kx=mg\frac{x}{L} +m\frac{v^{2}x}{RL}
After cancelling the x's and rearranging, I get
\frac{k}{m}=\frac{g+\frac{v^{2}}{R}}{L}
For frequency f and period T, f=\frac{1}{T}, T=2 \pi \sqrt{\frac{m}{k}},
f=\frac{1}{2 \pi}\sqrt{\frac{g+ \frac{v^{2}}{R}}{L}}
Unfortunately, the answer in the back of the book is
f=\frac{1}{2 \pi}\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{g^{2}+\frac{v^{4}}{R^{2}}}}{L}}

Thanks for any help.
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
The pendulum will oscillate around an angle θ0 because of the centrifugal force acting in the car as rotating frame of reference: tan(θ0)=v2/(Rg). The deviation from this angle can be considered small, but not the angle with respect to vertical.

ehild
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

Similar threads

Replies
1
Views
1K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
2K
  • · Replies 20 ·
Replies
20
Views
2K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
827
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
2K
Replies
4
Views
4K
  • · Replies 17 ·
Replies
17
Views
2K
Replies
3
Views
470
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
994