Gravitational wave solution boundary conditions

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the implications of boundary conditions in the context of gravitational wave solutions as described in Sean Carroll's "Spacetime and Geometry." The equation $$\nabla^2 \psi = 0$$, derived under the transverse gauge, indicates that "well behaved boundary conditions" lead to the conclusion that $$\psi = 0$$. This conclusion arises from the requirement of zero incoming waves, which eliminates the gauge freedom associated with $$\psi$$, confirming its necessity to be zero throughout the space.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of linearized gravity and metric perturbations
  • Familiarity with Einstein's field equations and gauge transformations
  • Knowledge of the transverse gauge and its implications
  • Basic concepts of wave equations in physics
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  • Study the implications of gauge freedom in general relativity
  • Explore the derivation of gravitational wave solutions in Carroll's "Spacetime and Geometry"
  • Investigate the role of boundary conditions in wave equations
  • Learn about the physical interpretation of zero incoming waves in gravitational wave contexts
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Physicists, particularly those specializing in general relativity and gravitational wave research, as well as students and researchers looking to deepen their understanding of boundary conditions in wave equations.

center o bass
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In linearized gravity we can one sets

$$(1) \ \ g_{\mu \nu} = \eta_{\mu \nu} + h_{\mu \nu}$$

where h is taken to be a small perturbation about the flat space metric. One common decomposition of h is to write the spatial part as

$$ h_{i j} = 2 s_{ij} - 2\psi \delta_{ij} \ h_{0i} \equiv w_i \ h_00 = -2\phi$$

There are certain gauge transformations that leave (1) invariant which can be used to simplify Einstein's equation; one choice, "the transverse gauge", makes ##\nabla \cdot w = 0## and ##\partial_i s^{ij} =0##. One can show that by expressing the (time-time) part Einstein field equations in terms of these fields in the transverse gauge yields for empty space yields

$$\nabla^2 \psi = 0.$$

Now at the beginning of section 7.4 "Gravitational Wave solutions" in Carroll's "Spacetime and Geometry", he states that the above equation with "well behaved boundary conditions" implies

$$\psi = 0.$$

I'm not sure what to make of this. What does he mean by well behaved boundary conditions, and why are these relevant for the gravitational wave solutions?
 
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center o bass said:
I'm not sure what to make of this. What does he mean by well behaved boundary conditions, and why are these relevant for the gravitational wave solutions?
Zero incoming waves. He wants to get rid of ψ, since it is only a gauge freedom, and for the homogeneous wave equation, zero incoming waves implies ψ must be zero everywhere.
 

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