Why Doesn't the Beam Split Horizontally?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the behavior of a beam of hydrogen atoms in a magnetic field, specifically why it does not split horizontally. The magnetic dipole moments of the hydrogen atoms, influenced by a vertically oriented magnetic field, cause the atoms to experience torque that aligns their magnetic moments vertically. This results in a net force that deflects the atoms either upward or downward, leading to an equal split of the beam into two halves. The conversation emphasizes the importance of maintaining answered threads for the benefit of future learners.

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  • Understanding of magnetic dipole moments
  • Familiarity with the Lorentz force law
  • Basic knowledge of quantum mechanics, particularly hydrogen atom spin states
  • Concept of torque in magnetic fields
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  • Study the principles of quantum mechanics related to spin and magnetic moments
  • Explore the Lorentz force law and its applications in particle physics
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Students of physics, particularly those studying quantum mechanics and electromagnetism, as well as educators and anyone interested in the behavior of atomic particles in magnetic fields.

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Homework Statement



http://whoisntdavidrinaldi.com/physics/split.png

Homework Equations



AxB=C

The Attempt at a Solution



I understand that the beam splits, but why does it not split horizontally? If I hold my index finger to the page with my middle finger up then my thumb is either left or right..
 
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Since the beam of hydrogen atoms electrically neutral, the Lorentz force law doesn't come explicitly into play. It is the magnetic dipole moments of the hydrogen atoms which determine which way the beam deflects.

Because the magnetic field is oriented vertically, the torque on the hydrogen atoms is such as to align their magnetic moments vertically (or at least precess about the vertical axis. However, because this magnetic field is not constant over the length of each atom, the atoms experience a net force as well, deflecting them either upward or downward depending on their magnetic moments.

Since a hydrogen atom in its ground state is equally likely to be spin-up or spin-down, we see the beam deflected into two equally intense halves.
 
i want to delete this post
 
I'm sorry if my answer was unsatisfactory, but isn't that overdoing it?
 
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jfizzix said:
I'm sorry if my answer was unsatisfactory, but isn't that overdoing it?

No your answer was perfect, I responded but re-read your post and it answered the question I thought I had. Not knowing how to delete my post I just edited my answered follow up question to "id like to delete this post"

the answer was great, I thank you
 
Please do NOT delete threads after they have been answered. Others have the same questions and can learn from the answers.
 
Kidphysics said:
No your answer was perfect, I responded but re-read your post and it answered the question I thought I had. Not knowing how to delete my post I just edited my answered follow up question to "id like to delete this post"

the answer was great, I thank you

As Halls said, it is our policy to not delete posts after they have received help. And if you do so yourself, you could receive an infraction for it.
 

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