Have you heard of the mirage effect on the sea?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the phenomenon of mirages observed over the sea, particularly how light bending can allow visibility of objects beyond the horizon that would typically be obscured by Earth's curvature. Participants explore the conditions under which this effect occurs, including atmospheric refraction and temperature gradients.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant recalls reading about the visibility of a city across the sea due to light bending, seeking clarification on the cause.
  • Another participant explains that atmospheric refraction allows light to bend, enabling visibility beyond the horizon, especially when a temperature gradient exists, such as warm air over cooler water.
  • A different participant notes that the sun appears to set after it has already geometrically done so, suggesting a related optical phenomenon.
  • One participant identifies the phenomenon as a mirage and provides a link for further reading.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants present various aspects of the mirage effect, with some agreeing on the role of atmospheric refraction and temperature gradients, while others introduce additional related observations. No consensus is reached on the specifics of the phenomenon.

Contextual Notes

Discussion includes assumptions about atmospheric conditions and the nature of light refraction, which may not be fully explored or defined.

Timothy Schablin
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I remember reading about how a city could be seen across a sea at certain times. But normally would not be seen because of Earth's curvature. At certain times however, it could be seen because of light bending. I can't remember what the cause was though.

Anyone know about this and what caused it?
 
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There is always some refraction due to the atmosphere that causes light to bend in its path and allows you to see a bit beyond the physical horizon. This effect can be increased when there is a temperature gradient in the air, such as when warm air is sitting over a cool body of water. In these cases the distance you can see past the horizon becomes further than it would under normal conditions.
 
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It might be of interest that the sun is already geometrically set, just about the time when it appears to start to set.
 
The word for what the otters described is mirage. Read more here https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirage

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