Help With Practical Exam - Struggling with Equations

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around challenges faced by a participant in understanding and applying equations related to Hess's Law and thermodynamics in preparation for a practical exam. The scope includes conceptual clarification and mathematical reasoning related to enthalpy changes and reaction equations.

Discussion Character

  • Homework-related
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses difficulty in understanding equations and seeks help for an upcoming practical exam.
  • Another participant suggests posting specific problems to identify mistakes and offers a brief explanation of Hess's Law, emphasizing the relationship between the standard enthalpy change and heat of formation.
  • A different participant relates Hess's Law to changes in entropy and Gibbs free energy, noting a common pattern in chemistry where products and reactants are compared.
  • Another participant recommends using diagrams to visualize the relationships in the equations, indicating that this method can clarify the direction of reactions.
  • One participant elaborates on Hess's Law as a statement about enthalpy being a state function, discussing its implications for solving chemical equations and determining unknown enthalpies.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants present various approaches and explanations related to Hess's Law and thermodynamic equations, but there is no consensus on a single method or understanding. Multiple competing views and techniques are shared without resolution.

Contextual Notes

Some assumptions about the participant's prior knowledge and the specific problems they face are not explicitly stated. The discussion does not resolve the complexities of applying Hess's Law or the mathematical steps involved.

RigidBody
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hello i really struggle with this!

i can never get the equations right or anything!

i can't find any sites that help!

i have a practical exam tomorow that could be about it

please help thanks
 
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Feel free to post a problem and show your approach. That would probably be the best way for us to help you because we can clearly see where you make your mistakes.

All Hess's law is saying is that the standard enthalpy change for a reaction is equal to the sum of the heat of formation of the products minus the sum of the heat of formation of the ractants.

A quick google search for "Hess's Law Tutorial" brings this website: http://www.wwnorton.com/chemistry/tutorials/ch11.htm Scroll down and click on the Hess's law tutorial (all the way at the bottom)
 
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if you've done them, it's the same thing as: delta S reaction= delta S formation of products - delta S formation of reactants. the same goes for delta G reaction.

many things in chem deal with the answer being products minus reactants or products over reactants and such
 
I always find it helpful to draw a diagram.
Then you can follow the arrows to show you which way round the diagram is equal to the bit you want. Change the sign of any arrows you have to go backwards on. (I'll rustle up an example diagram and scan it in sometime this week.)
 
In its most general form, Hess' Law merely reiterates the fact that enthalpy is a state function, not a path function. But this is nothing new to us. What's new is the way we apply this to the determination of unknown enthalpies of certain reactions given enthalpies of certain other related reactions.

The fact that enthalpy is a state variable allows us to add chamical equations (and their associated enthalpies) like we do algebraic equations (without any concern for the order in which terms are added). The problem in chemistry, thus gets reduced to one of solving simultaneous linear equations.
 

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