How can coherent wave not have constant phase difference

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SUMMARY

Coherent wave interference requires that wave sources emit identical waves with a constant phase difference. While the mathematical representation of a wave is given by y=A*cos(wt + theta), where theta is the initial phase, practical sources do not maintain a strictly constant phase difference over time. Variations in conditions such as temperature or fluctuations in the electrical power supply can lead to changes in theta, resulting in non-constant phase differences. The extent of these fluctuations is directly related to the stability of the source.

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Yinxiao Li
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One condition for wave interference is that the sources of the waves must be coherent, which means they emit identical waves with a constant phase difference.

I can understand that identical waves means they have the same wavelength. However, I don't understand what is a constant phase difference. The phase difference is always a constant, isn't it? But this definition clearly implies that it could be a non-constant.

y=A*cos(wt + theta), where theta is the initial phase.
 
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Yinxiao Li said:
y=A*cos(wt + theta), where theta is the initial phase.
Practical sources never behave such that ##\theta## is strictly independent of time, in reality no matter how good a source is, the condition inside the source may be changing in time, e.g. due to temperature or fluctuation in electrical power source. This leads to either small or big fluctuation of ##\theta##. How big or small the initial phase fluctuates depends on the amount of how large the source is changed by whatever cause is there.
 
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