How Do Velocities Transform Under Lorentz Transformations?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the transformation of velocities under Lorentz transformations using rapidity, defined as y≡tanh⁻¹(βx). The transformation equation is given by y' = y - yB, where yB represents the rapidity associated with a specific velocity βB. The solution involves manipulating the rapidity expressions to derive the relationship between the velocities βB, βx, and the transformed velocity β'. The participants emphasize the importance of correctly formatting LaTeX for clarity in mathematical expressions.

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  • Understanding of Lorentz transformations in special relativity
  • Familiarity with the concept of rapidity and its mathematical representation
  • Basic knowledge of hyperbolic functions, particularly tanh
  • Proficiency in LaTeX for formatting mathematical equations
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  • Study the derivation of Lorentz transformations in detail
  • Learn about the physical significance of rapidity in relativistic physics
  • Explore hyperbolic functions and their applications in physics
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Students of physics, particularly those studying special relativity, mathematicians interested in hyperbolic functions, and educators looking to enhance their understanding of Lorentz transformations.

SilasG
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The question is as follows:
We can define the rapidity, y, of a particle with respect to the x axis
y≡tanh-1βx. Show that under a Lorentz transformation by rapidity yB
y'=y-yB

The Attempt at a Solution


I started by working backwards (sorry if the LaTeX does not work
$$ y'=y-y_B=\frac{1}{2}(\ln(\frac{1+\beta_x}{1-\beta_x})-\ln(\frac{1+\beta_B}{1-\beta_B}))=\frac{1}{2} \ln (\frac{1+\beta_x-\beta_B-\beta_x \beta_B}{1+\beta_B-\beta_x-\beta_B \beta_x})\\ $$
But now I am stuck, what is the transform in this case?
 
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How do velocities transform under Lorentz transformations? What does this tell you about the relation between ##\beta_B##, ##\beta_x## and the sought velocity ##\beta'##?

SilasG said:
sorry if the LaTeX does not work

You need to use two $ instead of one in order to get in and out of LaTeX mode. I fixed this in your original post, but it is a good thing to know.
 

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