How Does Adiabatic Compression Affect Entropy and Temperature in Nitrogen Gas?

[imy786]

Homework Statement

A sample of 5 moles of nitrogen gas (γ = 1.40) occupies a volume of 3.00 × 10^−2 m3 at a pressure of 2.00 × 10^5 Pa and temperature of 280 K.
The sample is adiabatically compressed to half its original volume. Nitrogen behaves as an ideal gas under these conditions.

a)What is the change in entropy of the gas?

b)Show from the adiabatic condition and the equation of state that TV γ −1 remains constant, and hence determine the final temperature of the gas.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution

(a)

W=PV
Change in V= (3-1.5) *10^2= 1.5^10*-2

W= 2.00 × 10^5 * 1.5^10*-2
= 3*10^3 J

U=Q+W
Q= -W
Q= - 3*10^3


S= Q/T
= - 3*10^3/ 280= 10.7 JK^-1

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(b)

adiabatic condition PV^γ= A

equation of state : PV= nRT

(nRT)^gamma=A

A* V γ−1 = P

P= nRT/v

nRT/v= A* V γ−1

nRT/vA = V γ−1

TV γ −1 remains constant..

 

[Andrew Mason]

Homework Statement

A sample of 5 moles of nitrogen gas (γ = 1.40) occupies a volume of 3.00 × 10^−2 m3 at a pressure of 2.00 × 10^5 Pa and temperature of 280 K.
The sample is adiabatically compressed to half its original volume. Nitrogen behaves as an ideal gas under these conditions.

a)What is the change in entropy of the gas?

b)Show from the adiabatic condition and the equation of state that TV γ −1 remains constant, and hence determine the final temperature of the gas.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution

(a)
...
S= Q/T
= - 3*10^3/ 280= 10.7 JK^-1

Assume it is compressed reversibly and adiabatically (the external pressure is slightly higher than internal pressure during compression). Is there any flow of heat into/out of the gas or into or out of the surroundings? So what is the change in entropy?

(b)

adiabatic condition $PV^\gamma = A$

equation of state : PV= nRT
...

I find it a little difficult to follow your reasoning. Substitute P = nRT/V into $PV^\gamma = A$ to get

$$nRTV^{\gamma-1} = A$$

AM

 

[imy786]

(a) there is flow of heat to the system of temp 300K.
The change in entropy has doubled as the volume has halved.

 

[bidhati]

What is the adiabatic accessibility index doing? rising falling remaining constant? this will tell you what the change in entropy is.

 

[imy786]

adiabatic accessibility index remains constant.
Therefore change in entropy is constant no change.

 

[Andrew Mason]

(a) there is flow of heat to the system of temp 300K.
The change in entropy has doubled as the volume has halved.

Careful. Adiabatic means no heat flow. Temperature changes due to internal energy increasing as a result of work being done on gas. But this does not mean there is heat flow.

AM