How Does Compression Affect Temperature in Ideal Gas Laws?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the effects of gas compression on temperature within the framework of the ideal gas laws. When gas is compressed from chamber "a" to chamber "b," the pressure in chamber "b" increases while the pressure in chamber "a" decreases. The work done during this compression results in a temperature rise in chamber "b" and a temperature drop in chamber "a," assuming no heat exchange with the environment. The specific gas discussed is nitrogen, and the initial conditions are both chambers at 2 atm and 300K.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the Ideal Gas Law (PV=nRT)
  • Basic knowledge of thermodynamics and work-energy principles
  • Familiarity with concepts of pressure, volume, and temperature relationships
  • Knowledge of gas properties, specifically for nitrogen as an ideal gas
NEXT STEPS
  • Calculate work done during gas compression using the formula W = PΔV
  • Explore the relationship between pressure and temperature changes in ideal gases
  • Investigate the First Law of Thermodynamics as it applies to gas compression
  • Examine real-world applications of gas compression in engineering systems
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for students studying thermodynamics, engineers working with gas systems, and anyone interested in the practical applications of the ideal gas laws in real-world scenarios.

SBob
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Perhaps I have some mental block with basic algebra (so don't judge me on that), but...
Here is a simple high-school level question regarding ideal gas laws:

If I have two fixed chambers "a" and "b", both of equal volume connected in the middle with a compressor, and I compress gas taken from "a" and move it to "b", does the temperature in "b" rise, while the temperature in "a" falls (excluding heat exchange with the environment)?

i.e. the volumes remain constant, but the pressure in "b" rises. The pressure in "a" falls. Does the temperature do anything?...during compression, some of the moles of gas will move from a to b as well...correct?

I hope you understand where I'm confused.


Thanks,
SBob
 
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To compress the gas you do some work on it, so it is not a simple application of the ideal gas equation.
 
Which equation would one use?
To be more specific, I'm trying to figure out how much work.

Assumptions:

Both chambers are equal volume.
Gas = Nitrogen (or some ideal gas)
They both start out at P0 = 2 atm pressure.
They both start out at T0 = 300K

---

From there, we compress from "a" to "b", until chamber "b" is at 3 atm, and chamber "a" is at 1 atm.

How much work, and how does that affect the temperature in "a" and "b"?
 
Last edited:

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