How Does Hybridization Explain Bonds in Diborane?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the hybridization of boron in diborane (B2H6) as explained by John B. Russell in "General Chemistry." Boron utilizes four sp3 hybrid orbitals, with two forming conventional two-centered bonds with terminal hydrogen atoms and the remaining two participating in three-centered molecular orbitals with hydrogen atoms from adjacent BH3 units. The confusion arises from the expectation of boron forming three simple bonds or accepting a lone pair, while in diborane, it instead forms unique bonding pairs with hydrogen through hybridization.

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  • Understanding of sp3 hybridization in chemistry
  • Familiarity with molecular orbital theory
  • Knowledge of boron’s electron configuration
  • Basic concepts of bonding in diborane (B2H6)
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Acut
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I was reading about the chemistry of diborane, and there's something puzzling me. John B. Russell, in his "General Chemistry" book states that the boron atom in the diborane "uses all its orbitals in the valence shell forming four hybrid sp3 orbitals, two of which will be used in the bonding with the terminal H atoms, in conventional two centered bonds. The four remaining hybrid orbitals (two from each boron) will superpose to the 1s orbitals of two H atoms to form three-centered molecular orbitals" (my translation)

I was wondering how it is possible for those bonds to be made. In the ground state, each boron atom should have the following configuration:

\uparrow\downarrow\uparrow
2s2px

When excited, the configuration will be
\uparrow\uparrow\uparrow
2s2px2py2pz

(it is supposed to be one up arrow for each 2s, 2px and 2py orbital and an empty 2pz)
And it will hybridize:
\uparrow\uparrow\uparrow
sp3

(sorry, I don't know how to format this properly with tex)

I can't see how this sp3 hybridization explains the bonds. The configurations I got suggest that boron would make 3 simple bonds and still accept a lone pair from another atom (if it is supposed to complete the octet) or it would form three simple bonds only (if an incomplete octet is enough to make it stable). Where am I getting wrong? How can hybridization be used in this case?
 
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Acut said:
The configurations I got suggest that boron would make 3 simple bonds and still accept a lone pair from another atom (if it is supposed to complete the octet)
Yes, you can look at it that way. Only that here it does not accept a lone pair but a bonding pair from a hydrogen from the other BH3 unit.
 
I came.across a headline and read some of the article, so I was curious. Scientists discover that gold is a 'reactive metal' by accidentally creating a new material in the lab https://www.earth.com/news/discovery-that-gold-is-reactive-metal-by-creating-gold-hydride-in-lab-experiment/ From SLAC - A SLAC team unexpectedly formed gold hydride in an experiment that could pave the way for studying materials under extreme conditions like those found inside certain planets and stars undergoing...

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