How Does the Anomalous Doppler Effect Work?

[Flamel]

TL;DR Summary

I've seen a few papers that mention the anomalous Doppler effect, but I am uncertain when it occurs and when it manifests negative energy densities.

From what I understand, the anomalous Doppler effect can occur when a charged particle moves through a medium faster than light would move through that medium; however in the paper, The Doppler Effect in a Warm Uniaxial Plasma, it mentions that this effect can occur when a dipole moves faster than the acoustic speed parallel to a strong magnetic field, or when a dipole moves at any speed perpendicular to a strong magnetic field , which seems odd, since I was under the impression that this effect required movement faster than the speed of light in the medium. Does the strong magnetic field change this? Also, this effect would be easily manifested in materials with negative refractive indices due to the negative phase velocity of light, correct?

In terms of negative energy densities, this effect is associated with negative energy waves, but I'm uncertain how this manifests. I was told that these waves could have negative phase velocities and positive group velocities, but it's unclear why that would manifest negative energy. Additionally, I believe the papers, Cyclotron superradiance-classical analog of Dicke superradiance, and Polarization waves and super-radiance in active media, can be linked to Dicke superradiance under certain conditions, but I'm not sure how they might be linked.

 

[azntoon]

The anomalous Doppler effect is a phenomenon that occurs when a dipole moves faster than the acoustic speed parallel to a strong magnetic field, or when it moves at any speed perpendicular to a strong magnetic field. In this case, the wave will experience a Doppler shift that is greater than the usual Doppler shift caused by the motion of the particle. This effect is also related to negative energy densities because the waves associated with the anomalous Doppler effect can have negative phase velocities and positive group velocities. This means that the energy density of the wave decreases with time, causing the wave to have a negative energy density. This is linked to Dicke superradiance, which is a type of superradiance that occurs in a system of atoms that are strongly coupled to a common radiation field. In the cases mentioned earlier, Dicke superradiance can be linked to the anomalous Doppler effect if the particles are strongly coupled to the magnetic field.