How Does the Hamiltonian Affect the Time Evolution of a Qubit's Density Matrix?

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The discussion revolves around finding the time evolution of a qubit's density matrix given a specific Hamiltonian. The density matrix is initially defined, and the Hamiltonian is expressed in terms of constants and a Pauli matrix. Participants suggest using the time shift operator to calculate the density matrix at time t, but there is uncertainty about how to handle the Hamiltonian's exponential form. The hint provided encourages expressing the density matrix in a specific format to derive differential equations for its coefficients. The exponential of the Hamiltonian can be defined using its Taylor expansion, which is crucial for solving the problem.
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Homework Statement


In a computational basis, a qubit has density matrix
##
\rho = \left( \begin{array}{ccc}
\frac{1}{2} & \frac{1}{3} \\
\frac{1}{3} & \frac{1}{2} \\
\end{array} \right)##
At t=0. Find the time dependence of ##\rho## when the Hamiltonian is given by ##AI+BY##, ##A## and ##B## are constants, ##Y## is the Pauli matrix
##
\left( \begin{array}{ccc}
0 & -i \\
i & 0 \\
\end{array} \right)##
Then the hint says to write the matrix in the form ##\rho = \frac{1}{2} (I+a(t)X+b(t)Y+c(t)Z)## where
## X=
\left( \begin{array}{ccc}
0 & 1 \\
1 & 0 \\
\end{array} \right)##,
##Z=
\left( \begin{array}{ccc}
1 & 0 \\
0 & -1 \\
\end{array} \right)##
and derive differential equations for the coefficients.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


I thought I should be using the time shift operator ##U(t,t_0) = e^{-\frac{i}{\hbar}H(t-t_0)}##, and calculating ##\rho(t) = U\rho(t_0) U^{\dagger}##, except I'm not exactly sure what the exponential of my particular Hamiltonian would mean. But if I write the density matrix in the form suggested by the hint then I don't know what to do with it from there to get a differential equation. Is it something to do with the Schrodinger equation? Should I sub it into that and treat it like a state ##\psi##?

Thank you for any help, I really appreciate it, I'm a bit lost!
 
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The exponential of the Hamiltonian (in this given in matrix form) is defined by its Taylor expansion. That is,
##exp(A)=\sum_{k=0}^\infty A^k/k!## for a matrix ##A##
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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