Research in applied mathematics often begins with practical questions related to real-world phenomena, such as the freezing temperature of cells. However, the process typically involves mathematical modeling to explore these questions. When seeking funding, researchers aim to propose original ideas that offer benefits to various sectors, including industry and government. It's important to note that many scientific fields, including physics, biology, and geology, frequently utilize mathematical modeling, sometimes independently of applied mathematicians. Collaboration is common in academia, as seen in programs like the University of Michigan's applied math department, which pairs advisors from mathematics and other disciplines for PhD students.