How Is Electric Potential Calculated for a Charged Rod?

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SUMMARY

The electric potential at a distance z from the center of a uniformly charged rod of length L is calculated using the formula V = kλ ln((2√((L²/4) + z²) + L) / (2√((L²/4) + z²) - L)). The potential is derived by integrating the contributions from differential charge elements along the rod, where λ represents the linear charge density. The integration involves substituting y = ztan(x) to simplify the calculation. This method effectively captures the electric potential due to the entire charged rod.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electric potential and Coulomb's law
  • Familiarity with calculus, specifically integration techniques
  • Knowledge of linear charge density (λ)
  • Basic concepts of electrostatics and charge distributions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of electric potential for different charge distributions, such as point charges and spherical shells
  • Learn advanced integration techniques relevant to physics problems, including trigonometric substitutions
  • Explore the applications of electric potential in electrostatics and circuit theory
  • Investigate the relationship between electric potential and electric field strength
USEFUL FOR

Students studying electromagnetism, physics educators, and anyone interested in understanding electric potential calculations in electrostatics.

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Homework Statement



Find an expression for the electric potential a distance z away from the center of a thin uniformly charged rod of length L on a line that bisects the rod.

Homework Equations



V=k\frac{Q}{r}

The Attempt at a Solution



Determine the electric potential due to one point charge i.

V_i=k\frac{\Delta Q}{r}

r=\sqrt{y^2+z^2}

Where y is some distance along the rod to i and z is the distance along the axis to the point away.

\Delta Q=\lambda \Delta y

Then,

V_i=k\lambda \frac{\Delta y}{\sqrt{y^2+z^2}}

Then,

V_{tot}=k\lambda \sum_{i=1}^{n}\frac{\Delta y}{\sqrt{y^2+z^2}}

Now take the limit as n goes to infinity and delta y goes to zero.

V_{tot}=k\lambda \int_{\frac{-L}{2}}^{\frac{L}{2}}\frac{d y}{\sqrt{y^2+z^2}}

V_{tot}=k\lambda \; ln({\frac{2\sqrt{{\frac{L^2}{4}}+z^2}+L}{2\sqrt{{\frac{L^2}{4}}+z^2}-L}})

Is this correct? I feel like the integration was too hard for this simple problem (I had to substitute y = ztan(x)).
 
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It looks correct to me. :approve: [strike](Of course you could simplify it slightly by at least getting rid of the '2's)[/strike]

[Edit: Never-mind about the 2's'. They're fine the way they are. Sorry about that.]
 
Last edited:
It looks correct to me.

Really? Well thank you!

Never-mind about the 2's'. They're fine the way they are. Sorry about that.

Okay :-p
 

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