How to Calculate Distances and Luminosities of Stars?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the distances and luminosities of the stars Rigel and Betelgeuse using their apparent magnitudes and parallaxes. The calculated distances are 237 parsecs for Rigel and 131 parsecs for Betelgeuse, derived from the formula distance = 1/parallax (in arcseconds). The absolute magnitudes were computed using the formula M = m - 5log(d/10), resulting in -6.77 for Rigel and -5.0 for Betelgeuse, indicating Rigel's higher luminosity. The luminosity of Rigel was calculated as 43,700 solar luminosities using L = L(sun)10^(M(sun)-M(R))/2.5.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of astronomical concepts such as apparent magnitude and parallax.
  • Familiarity with the formula for calculating distance from parallax.
  • Knowledge of absolute magnitude calculations in astronomy.
  • Basic understanding of luminosity and its relation to absolute magnitude.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the concept of parallax in astronomy and its applications.
  • Learn about the relationship between absolute magnitude and luminosity.
  • Explore the significance of significant figures in astronomical calculations.
  • Investigate the properties of other stars in the Orion constellation for comparative analysis.
USEFUL FOR

Astronomy students, amateur astronomers, and anyone interested in stellar distances and luminosities will benefit from this discussion.

C.E
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Hi, I am quite new to astronomy and was wondering whether I had done the following question correctly (some of my answers seem unrealistic). Plus, how many significant figures should questions like these be answered to?

The star Rigel in the constellation of Orion has an apparent magnitude of 0.1 mag,
its parallax is 4.22 milli-arc seconds (mas). Betelgeuse, also in Orion, has an
apparent magnitude of 0.58 mag and a parallax of 7.63mas.

(i) Compute the distance from Earth to Rigel and Betelgeuse.

my attempt: distance to Rigel= 1/(4.22 x 10^-3) = 237 pc

distance to Betelgeuse = 1/(7.63 x 10^-3) = 131 pc

(ii) Using the above information, compute the absolute magnitude of both stars.
Which star has the higher luminosity?

I used M=m- 5log(d/10)

For Rigel M=0.1-5log(23.7)= -6.77 (this seems too low to me).

For Betelgeuse M=0.58 - 5log(13.1)=-5.0 (again I was not expecting a value this low)

Hence Rigel is brightest.

(iii) The Sun has an absolute magnitude of 4.83 mag. Determine the luminosity of
Rigel in solar luminosities.

L=L(sun)10^(M(sun)-M(R))/2.5 so L= 43700 L(sun) (again this does not seem realistic to me).

Any ideas?
 
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Any ideas?
Yes: Wikipedia. Your answer seems to be correct.
BTW, there's a special homework section.
 

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