How to sketch harmonic component graph?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on sketching the harmonic component graph of an a.c. voltage comprising a fundamental voltage of 100 V rms at 120 Hz, a 3rd harmonic at 20% of the fundamental, and a 5th harmonic at 10% of the fundamental with a phase angle of 1.2 radians lagging. The voltage waveform expression is derived, and the instantaneous values for the third and fifth harmonics are given as V3(t) = 28.28 cos(720πt) and V5(t) = 14.14 cos(1200πt + 1.2). The user seeks guidance on accurately sketching these waveforms and calculating the voltage at 20 ms, as well as determining the percentage error from the ideal voltage.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of a.c. voltage and harmonic analysis
  • Familiarity with trigonometric functions and their applications in electrical engineering
  • Knowledge of phase angles in waveforms
  • Ability to perform calculations involving voltage, frequency, and time
NEXT STEPS
  • Learn how to sketch harmonic waveforms based on mathematical expressions
  • Study the principles of Fourier series and harmonic analysis in electrical circuits
  • Explore the calculation of instantaneous voltage values in a.c. circuits
  • Investigate methods for determining percentage error in electrical measurements
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Students and professionals in electrical engineering, particularly those focusing on a.c. circuit analysis and harmonic waveform sketching.

ryanmcarthy
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Homework Statement



An a.c. voltage, V, comprises of a fundamental voltage of 100 V rms at a frequency of 120 Hz, a 3rd harmonic which is 20% of the fundamental, a
5th harmonic which is 10% of the fundamental and at a phase angle of
1.2 radians lagging.

(i) Write down an expression for the voltage waveform.
(ii) Sketch the waveforms of the harmonic components.
(iii) Determine the voltage at 20 ms.
(iv) Given an ideal V = 100 V rms, what is the percentage error at 20 ms?Given:
V1 = 100 V rms
f = 120 Hz,
V3/V1 = 20% = 0.20
V5/V1 = 10% = 0.10
= 1.2 rad
t = 20 ms = 0.020 s

The Attempt at a Solution



(i) Completed(ii) the instantaneous values of third and fifth harmonic as function of time t , respectively
V3(t) = 28.28 cos(720∏ - t)
V5(t) = 14.14 cos (1200∏ - t +1.2)

How do you then draw the sketch the waveforms from the two above equations? I've seen the actual graph, but I am being really stupid here, as when I crunch the numbers into my calculator I don't get any where near the value I need?This is the graph I was told is correct off a friend, but I don't want to just draw it without knowing how as I won't learn that way

graph.jpg
Thanks
 
Last edited:
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ryanmcarthy said:
[
(ii) the instantaneous values of third and fifth harmonic as function of time t , respectively
V3(t) = 28.28 cos(720∏ - t)
V5(t) = 14.14 cos (1200∏ - t +1.2)

These V(t) functions are not correct. Recall the form of the function that describes a simple harmonic motion of given frequency.

ehild
 

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